Widening access to fetal flow imaging by automating real-time planning of 2D phase-contrast flow imaging (OWL).

Fetal cardiac cine MRI is an emerging technique for evaluating the fetal heart in conditions such as congenital heart disease, but limited evidence on factors affecting image quality restricts its clinical potential. This study investigated key determinants of image quality in a multicenter cohort.

In the field of cardiovascular imaging, 4D flow MRI provides non-invasive assessment of blood flow. Dual velocity encoding (dual-VENC) strategies have emerged to obtain quantitative information on both low and high blood flow velocities simultaneously. However, these strategies often encounter difficulties in coping with large velocity ranges. This work presents a dual-VENC 4D flow MRI sequence that utilizes the coprime rule to define the VENC ratio.

Due to the presence of complex flow states and significant jet eccentricity in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), accurate quantification of aortic regurgitation (AR) using standard echocardiographic or conventional cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging measures remains challenging. Four-dimensional flow (4DF) CMR permits transvalvular flow quantification under non-laminar flow states, although has not been well validated for AR quantification in CHD.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is rapidly expanding in China, yet comprehensive national data on its clinical application and research status are limited. This study aims to evaluate the current landscape of CMR across the country.

Previous data suggests dynamic handgrip exercise (DHE) as a potential physiological, needle-free stressor feasible for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) conditions. DHE-fast Strain-ENCoded imaging (fSENC) is potentially cost-saving, ultra-fast and avoids pharmacological side effects thereby targeting the drawbacks of conventional pharmacological stress CMR.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows cardiac hemodynamic assessment in patients with congenital heart disease. However, conventional techniques are time-consuming and may require blood contrast agents. Slice-to-volume reconstruction (SVR) 4D flow is an innovative imaging technique that may overcome those limitations. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of SVR 4D flow in pediatric congenital heart disease.

3D water-fat separated LGE imaging is a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging technique allowing simultaneous assessment of and discrimination between cardiac fibrosis and myocardial fatty infiltration. The aim of this study is to systematically analyze the image quality of a 3D water-fat separated LGE research sequence and identify confounders of image quality.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is the preferred treatment for older patients with severe aortic stenosis with outcomes influenced by age and sex. Computed tomography (CT) is the reference imaging modality for TAVR planning, while cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is an emerging alternative for this indication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of age and sex on implantation success in patients undergoing CT- or CMR-guided TAVR.

There is a growing interest in CMR radiomic signatures as novel imaging biomarkers of cardiac disease. However, very little is known about pathological correlates of the radiomics signature of myocardium on CMR sequences.

Pathological extravascular lung water is a facet of decompensated congestive heart failure that current cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) methods fail to quantify. CMR can measure total lung water density, but cannot distinguish between intravascular and extravascular fluid, and thus is not diagnostic. Therefore, we develop and evaluate a novel method to measure extravascular lung water by distinguishing intravascular from extracellular fluid compartments using two different contrast agents, extracellular gadolinium-chelates and iron-based intravascular ferumoxytol.

Assessment of left atrial (LA) functional strain and atrioventricular coupling is increasingly recognized as critical in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), associated with adverse atrial remodeling and malignant arrhythmia. However, the effect of transapical beating-heart septal myectomy (TA-BSM) on the improvement of LA function and atrioventricular coupling remains uncertain.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is crucial for the diagnosis and prognosis of heart disease. However, normal reference values for CMR-derived morphology parameters have not been established for Chinese children. We sought to establish reference values for ventricular and atrial size and function parameters using CMR in healthy Chinese children across a broad age range.

Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) are commonly followed with MRI and frequently develop right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, which can be severe enough to impact left ventricular (LV) function in some patients. In this study, we sought to characterize patterns of LV dysfunction in this patient population using Deep Learning Synthetic Strain (DLSS), a fully automated deep learning algorithm capable of measuring regional LV strain and dyssynchrony.

The calculation of conventional extracellular volume fraction (ECV) requires blood hematocrit (Hct) measurement. Based on the relationship between Hct and blood T1 relaxivity for cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), a synthetic ECV could be estimated without a blood sampling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation and agreement in the quantification of synthetic ECV and laboratory ECV from conventional Hct measurements.

Main pulmonary artery (mPA) dilatation has been reported in patients with isolated pulmonary valve (PV) stenosis. The aim of our study was to detect the incidence of mPA dilatation and aneurysm in patients with isolated PV stenosis and the association with PV function.

Achieving sufficient spatial and temporal resolution for dynamic applications in cardiac MRI is a challenging task due to the inherently slow nature of MR imaging. In order to accelerate scans and allow improved resolution, much research over the past three decades has been aimed at developing innovative reconstruction methods that can yield high-quality images from reduced amounts of k-space data. In this review, we describe the evolution of these reconstruction techniques, with a particular focus on those advances that have shifted the dynamic reconstruction paradigm as it relates to cardiac MRI. This review discusses and explains the fundamental ideas behind the success of modern reconstruction algorithms, including parallel imaging, spatio-temporal redundancies, compressed sensing, low-rank methods and machine learning.

Cardiac magnetic resonance with myocardial stress perfusion (stress CMR) is a non-invasive technique that offers assessment of myocardial function, perfusion, and viability. Regadenoson is a selective cardiac adenosine A2 receptor agonist with fewer side effects than adenosine and a favorable safety profile in older pediatric heart transplant recipients (PHTR). There are limited studies evaluating the hemodynamic response of regadenoson in pediatric patients under general anesthesia (GA).

The 36th Annual International Meeting of the Society for Magnetic Resonance Angiography (SMRA), held from November 12-15, 2024, in Santiago de Chile, marked a milestone as the first SMRA conference in Latin America. Themed "The Ever-Changing Landscape of MRA", the event highlighted the rapid advancements in magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), including cutting-edge developments in contrast-enhanced MRA, contrast-free techniques, dynamic, multi-parametric, and multi-contrast MRA, 4D flow, low-field solutions and AI-driven technologies, among others. The program featured 174 attendees from 15 countries, including 43 early-career scientists and 30 industry representatives. The conference offered a rich scientific agenda, with 12 plenary talks, 24 educational talks, 98 abstract presentations, a joint SMRA-MICCAI challenge on intracranial artery lesion detection and segmentation and a joint session with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) emphasizing accessibility, low-field MRI, and AI's transformative role in cardiac imaging. The meeting's single-track format fostered engaging discussions on interdisciplinary research and highlighted innovations spanning various vascular beds. This paper summarizes the conference's key themes, emphasizing the collaborative efforts driving the future of MRA, while reflecting on SMRA's vision to advance research, education, and clinical practice globally.

Three-dimensional (3D) tagged magnetic resonance (MR) imaging enables in vivo quantification of cardiac motion. While deep learning methods have been developed to analyze these images, they have been restricted to two-dimensional datasets. We present a deep learning approach specifically designed for displacement analysis of 3D cardiac tagged MR images.

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) related to Desmoplakin (DSP) mutations is a distinct condition associated with particularly severe outcomes, more frequent left ventricular (LV) involvement including fibrosis, dysfunction and inflammatory episodes. Whether DSP-ACM is associated with specific imaging features remains elusive.