agranulocytosis n.【医】粒细胞缺乏症

介绍：

“Agranulocytosis It has now been reliably established that clozapine produces agranulocytosis in slightly <1 per 100 patients. The peak of agranulocytosis with clozapine occurs between 4 and 18 weeks and then falls off sharply. Weekly monitoring of the white cell or absolute neutrophil count is required for 26 weeks in most countries, with the frequency decreasing to biweekly or monthly thereafter, sometimes on a voluntary basis. In the United States, monthly monitoring is required, assuming no haematological abnormalities after 1 year of treatment. With monitoring, agranulocytosis can usually be detected before infection sets in or becomes overwhelming. Discontinuation of clozapine, beginning treatment with colony cell-stimulating factors, and the usual procedures for treating an infection are usually effective in restoring the white cell line.” (“New oxford textbook of psychiatry”, 2020, p. 655) 粒细胞缺乏症目前已经可靠地证实氯氮平在每100例患者中产生< 1%的粒细胞缺乏症。氯氮平治疗粒细胞缺乏症的峰值出现在4 ~ 18周之间，随后急剧下降。在大多数国家，每周监测白细胞或中性粒细胞绝对值需要26周，此后每周或每月监测一次，有时是自愿的。在美国，要求每月监测，假设治疗1年后无血液学异常。通过监测，粒细胞缺乏症通常可以在感染开始或成为压倒性感染之前被检测到。停用氯氮平，开始用细胞激活因子集落治疗，以及治疗感染的通常程序，通常能有效恢复白细胞系。