There was limited evidence on the ability of people with Alzheimer disease (AD) to perceive their own emotions. We aimed to compare socioemotional self-perception in persons with mild and moderate AD to their caregivers' perspective.

Dementia can adversely affect the quality of life (QoL) of family members/partners of those affected. Measuring this often-neglected burden is critical to planning and providing appropriate support services. This study measures this impact using the Family-Reported Outcome Measure (FROM-16).

Early identification of clinical conditions associated with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) is vital for intervention. One promising early detection method is the use of instrumented assessment to identify subtle motor declines associated with ADRD. This pilot study sought to establish the feasibility of building a machine learning model to identify individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using motor function data obtained from an inexpensive, portable device.

There is no consensus on how long antidementia medications should be administered to patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). To clarify this issue, we investigated the discontinuation of antidementia medications in Japanese home care settings, including community-dwelling and institutionalized patients. Using medical records from April 2017 to March 2022 at 3 clinics in Tokyo and Chiba prefectures, we selected patients with AD who started receiving home care medicine. Forty-nine patients discontinued antidementia medications during the observation period, there was no apparent deterioration in cognitive function or new occurrence of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia caused by the discontinuation of medications. More aggressive discontinuation of AD medications probably is recommended for patients with activities of daily living dysfunction, such as those receiving home care medicine.

Standardization of neuropsychological tests is crucial for consistency in cognitive assessment, as well as for validity and comparability of results across different populations. We examined the applicability and measurement equivalence of the Alzheimer Disease Research Centers' Neuropsychological Test Battery (version 3) (ADRC-NTB3) in Singapore.

People with dementia can have many family and friends who might be affected by their deaths. Pursuing the long-term aim of understanding how dementia deaths affect close family and friends, this project lays groundwork through estimates of who those close family and friends are, with special attention to race and ethnicity.

Psychosis in Alzheimer disease (AD) is a major burden for patients and their family. Identifying the characteristics of delusions and hallucinations in the AD population is key to understanding the interconnection between the psychiatric and cognitive symptoms in neurocognitive disorders. The aim of this study is to compare the cognitive profiles of AD patients with and without psychosis.

This study extends prior research from the MRI substudy of the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS-MRI) linking BMI to reduced brain atrophy and ischemic lesion load by examining DXA-based measurements of total body fat, total abdominal adipose tissue (TAT), abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue, gynoid fat, and overall leg fat.

Attrition is a particular concern in studies examining the efficacy of a treatment for Alzheimer disease. Analyzing reasons for withdrawal in Alzheimer studies is crucial to ruling out attrition bias, which can undermine a study's validity. In contrast, attrition in studies using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has received much less attention. Our goal was to identify any commonalities between participants who withdrew for the same reasons. Three independent coders rated each response concerning the reasons for withdrawal, and frequency tables were generated to characterize the participants within each category. This study was conducted on the 28 withdrawn cases from a 7-month study investigating the short-term and long-term therapeutic effects of rTMS for Alzheimer disease among 156 participants across 3 sites of the study. Seven reasons for withdrawal were identified, with health and medical changes being the most commonly reported reason (7 participants). Personal issues involving family or caregivers were the next most common (5 participants), and the remaining 5 categories consisted of 3 participants each. Although the limited sample size prevented the use of inferential statistics, our findings highlight the need for more transparent reporting of attrition rates and withdrawal reasons by rTMS researchers.

Alzheimer disease (AD) has a long preclinical phase in which AD pathology is accumulating without detectable clinical symptoms. It is critical to identify participants in this preclinical phase as early as possible since treatment plans may be more effective in this stage. Monitoring for changes in driving behavior, as measured with GPS sensors, has been explored as a low-burden, easy-to-administer method for detecting AD risk. However, driving is a complex, multifaceted process that is likely influenced by other factors, including personality traits, that may change in preclinical AD.

Functional impairment can be an early indicator of cognitive decline. However, its predictive utility in cognitively normal (CN) older adults remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether mild functional impairment (MFI) in CN older adults could predict incident dementia over 6 years, in addition to assessing its association with cognitive performance.

This is the first comprehensive national and subnational epidemiological study reporting the incidence of Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) in Iran from 2010 to 2019 and predictions for 2024. We extracted age-standardized incidence stratified by sex and provinces from the Institute for Health Measurement and Evaluation (IHME). Arc Map GIS was used to report the geographical distribution, and the Cochran-Armitage test was used for prediction. Predictions showed that the incidence of ADRD would reach 118 (women) and 109 (men) cases per 100,000 population in Iran in 2024. The most increasing incidence from 2010 to 2019 was reported among women in Qom, while Yazd had the most incidences among men and women in 2019. The results showed an increase in the incidence of ADRD in Iran in recent years, and the increase in life expectancy and population aging can be considered as an influential factor.

Urinary Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) is regarded as a biomarker for β-amyloid protein deposition in Alzheimer disease (AD). The value of AD7c-NTP in predicting post-stroke cognitive recovery was worth exploring. In total, 224 patients with first-ever stroke were enrolled in this retrospective study. Cognitive assessment was evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and cognitive improvement was defined as MMSE scores ≥27 or 4-score elevation at 3-month follow-up after stroke. The AD7c-NTP level was 0.68±0.40 ng/mL in the 135 patients with cognitive improvement, while the AD7c-NTP level was 1.49±0.99 ng/mL in the 89 patients without improvement ( P <0.001). Those displaying better cognitive recovery also had younger ages, higher MMSE scores, and lower NIHSS scores on admission. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, AD7c-NTP concentration (OR=9.14, 95% CI: 4.52-18.49, P <0.001), age (OR=1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08, P =0.012), and NIHSS score on admission (OR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.07-1.28, P <0.001) remained the independent risk factors affecting cognitive recovery. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for AD7c-NTP in predicting unfavorable cognitive function was 0.80 (sensitivity: 0.73 and specificity: 0.84). Urinary AD7c-NTP is a valuable biomarker associated with post-stroke cognitive recovery. It might be adopted to discriminate coexisting AD pathology from vascular cognitive impairment.

Handedness has been a topic of scientific interest for many years. However, false and misleading ideas have dominated this field with a still limited amount of research into the association with clinical disorders like Alzheimer disease (AD). In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies regarding the association of handedness and AD. Twelve articles were included. Case-control studies show that left-handedness is not a risk factor for late-onset AD (LOAD). However, nonright handedness was found to be more prevalent in patients with early-onset AD (EOAD). Moreover, handedness does not seem to affect neuropsychological performance. We also show that collapsing versus separating mixed and left-handedness may yield different results. Future research on the relation between handedness and AD may provide new insight into disease pathogenesis, improve rehabilitation, and help identify patients who will progress, aiding the design of prevention trials.

Formal educational attainment, or years of schooling, has a well-established positive effect on cognitive health across the life course. We hypothesized that the content and difficulty of the curriculum influence this relationship, such that more challenging curricula in high school lead to higher levels of socioeconomic attainment in adulthood and, in turn, to better cognitive outcomes in older adulthood.

Carers of people with dementia manually handle the care recipients (eg, repetitive lifting, transferring, and pulling) as part of the care service, increasing the musculoskeletal injury risk to themselves.

Alzheimer disease and allergic diseases are common health problems. The aim of the study was to check the hypothesis that older patients with IgE-mediated allergies have a higher prevalence of Alzheimer disease. It was a retrospective, multicenter cohort observation. In total, 7129 people were examined, including 3566 women and 2558 men (mean 64.9±6.9 y). The diagnosis of Alzheimer disease is based on the ICD-10 code and appropriate medical documentation. The proportion of patients with confirmed Alzheimer disease in the group of patients with diagnosed allergy compared to the group of those without allergy was as follows: 13.9% (168) versus 8.2% (484) with P=0.001. There was a positive correlation between the presence of Alzheimer disease and high serum total IgE, eosinophilia, and asthma or the presence of atopic polymorphic disease (P<0.05). IgE-dependent allergic diseases, in particular allergic asthma, and the presence of high serum IgE levels may favor the development of Alzheimer disease.

Cognitive training may benefit older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but the prognostic factors are not well-established.

The objective of this pilot study was to establish the feasibility of recruiting older Vietnamese Americans for research addressing genetic and nongenetic risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD).

It is estimated that 2% of dementia cases worldwide could be prevented with increases in physical activity. However, there is little evidence of the association between vigorous physical activity (VPA) and cognitive performance. This study aimed to investigate the association of moderate physical activity (MPA) and VPA with cognitive performance in older adults from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brasil).

Construct validation of cognitive batteries across Africa is imperative to understanding dementia in the region. We examined construct validity and internal consistency of the neuropsychological battery of Uniform Data Set version 3 (UDSNB 3.0) of the Alzheimer Coordinating Center in Nigeria older adults.