Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) is a dental disease with a high prevalence and no effective means of prevention. One of the major causes of DDE is infection, but the pathogenesis is still unclear. Melatonin is known for its anti-inflammatory and mineralization-promoting activities. However, the effects of melatonin on inflammation-induced DDE remain unknown. Here, we investigated the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of inflammation-induced DDE.

Exploration of early practicing dental professionals' awareness and attitude toward inferior alveolar nerve block IANB will directly inform efforts to improve clinical practices and ensure patient safety. The aim was to highlight the students, interns, and junior dentists' awareness and attitude toward the IANB, failure, and related complications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Cognitive flexibility is a personality trait, which can influence how effectively a healthcare professional can manage a challenging clinical situation. This study explored the cognitive flexibility of undergraduate dental hygiene students at two universities in Asia to gather baseline information in order to consider whether there was an educational need for pre-clinical students with regards to this personality factor.

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) () exhibits diverse and complicated functions in cancer progression. Despite reports suggesting both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic effects in various cancers, its specific role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between expression levels and survival outcomes in HNSCC patients.

The handheld nonthermal plasma (HNP) treatment may alter the surface properties, bone metabolism, and inflammatory reactions of polyaryletherketone (PAEK) dental implant materials. This study tested whether the HNP treatment might increase the biocompatibility, surface hydrophilicity, surface free energies (SFEs), and the cell adhesion and mineralization capability of PAEK materials.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) exhibits receptor-mediated physiological effects by facilitating the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells toward the osteoblast lineage. This study aimed to determine the effect of S1P on odontogenic differentiation of mouse immortalized stem cells of dental apical papilla (iSCAP) and assess the distribution of the S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) in the apical papilla and the root canal wall of immature rat molars.

Rho GTPase activating protein 11A (ARHGAP11A) can facilitate GTP hydrolysis in RhoA. The functions of ARHGAP11A in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not yet been explored. This study aimed to investigate the expression profile of ARHGAP11A in OSCC, its correlation with patient prognosis, its effect on cell-cycle progression, and the mechanisms by which it is dysregulated.

The ability of probiotics to inhibit adhesion is a crucial characteristic that prevents colonization and infection progression. This study aimed to explore aggregation, adhesion, and cell surface characterization of probiotic and strains and to evaluate the effect of probiotics and their cell-free supernatants (CFSs) as postbiotics on adhesion to human oral keratinocytes.

In Taiwan, there are very few dental radiology curricula in medical radiation education system. This study assessed the participants' learning outcomes after finishing the dental radiology course for the continuing education of medical radiation technologists in Taiwan.

Well-Root PT is a novel bioceramic material developed to overcome limitations of conventional calcium silicate cements. The purpose of this study was to assess the biocompatibility and bioactivity of a premixed putty-type cement, Well-Root PT.

Bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) has demonstrated multiple advantages in promoting osteogenesis. Our previous findings have indicated that the use of an absorbable collagen membrane (ACM) as a carrier for growth factors is effective in stimulating bone regeneration. The objective of this study was to assess the synergistic impact of BMP-9 incorporated into ACM (ACM/BMP-9) on bone formation within rat mandibular bone defects.

The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is increasing worldwide. HPV vaccines have shown efficacy in preventing diseases in both males and females. Therefore, there is a need to develop cost-effective strategies for HPV vaccines to prevent HPV-related OPC. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate cost-effectiveness using the global mean of incremental cost-effectiveness ratios compared to the willingness-to-pay threshold and incremental net benefits (INBs) of HPV vaccination strategies between boys' extension vaccine and girls only. These recommendations will be useful for countries that have not implemented universal HPV vaccines in national programs, such as Taiwan.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a condition characterized by inflammation and excessive collagen deposition, which has been identified as a potentially malignant disorder. Recently, several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be implicated in various disorders associated with fibrosis. However, how these miRNAs modulate OSF development is poorly understood. Therefore, the study aimed to identify the specific miRNAs that contribute to the progression of OSF and to investigate their molecular mechanisms in promoting fibrosis.