Current Oncology Reports

First-Line Therapy in Metastatic, RAS Wild-Type, Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer: Should Everyone Receive Anti-EGFR Therapy?
Airoldi M, Bartolini M, Fazio R, Farinatti S, Daprà V, Santoro A and Puccini A
This narrative review explores the efficacy and applicability of anti-EGFR therapy as the first-line treatment for patients with RAS wild-type (WT) left-sided metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). It critically examines current guidelines, along with recent evidence in the literature, to assess whether it should be universally applied.
Liver Cancer Etiology: Old Issues and New Perspectives
Chen JG, Zhang YH, Lu JH and Kensler TW
This review aims to synthesize the old issues and current understandings of the etiology of liver cancer, focusing on the diverse causative factors influenced by geographical, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variations across different regions.
Evolving Treatment Landscape for Advanced Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
Wheless MC, Comer M and Gibson MK
This review highlights advances and recent changes in the treatment paradigm for advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJAC).
AML in the Elderly - When less may be more
Winer ES and Stone RM
We herein assess the distinct biological and clinical features of AML in older patients. We emphasize the importance of pre-treatment assessment to individualize care but note the changing treatment paradigm from intensive towards non-intensive therapy.
Return to Intended Oncological Therapy: State of the Art and Perspectives
Cortes-Mejia NA, Lillemoe HA and Cata JP
Despite advances in surgical procedures, cancer recurrence still affects a substantial proportion of patients for whom surgery is considered a curative therapy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of RIOT, addressing its definition, influencing factors, and clinical implications.
Immunotherapeutic and Targeted Strategies for Managing Brain Metastases from Common Cancer Origins: A State-of-the-Art Review
Podder V, Bellur S, Margolin K, Advani P, Mahtani RL, Subbiah V, Novo GB, Ranjan T and Ahluwalia MS
This review examines contemporary strategies for managing brain metastases (BM) from common cancers such as lung, breast, and melanoma. We evaluate the efficacy and applicability of targeted therapies and immunotherapies, exploring their potential to cross the blood-brain barrier and improve patient outcomes.
Emerging Indications for Interventional Oncology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Image-Guided Thermal Ablation for Metastatic Non-cervical Lymph Node Disease
Chlorogiannis DD, Charalampopoulos G, Kontopyrgou D, Gkayfillia A, Nikolakea M, Iezzi R and Filippiadis D
Lymphatic node metastatic disease encompasses a distinct oncological entity which has been associated with poor prognosis. Image-guided thermal ablation has recently been proposed as a safe and alternative treatment for these lesions. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the pooled safety and efficacy of thermal ablation techniques for the treatment of oligometastatic non-cervical lymph nodal disease.
Molecular Testing in Gliomas: What is Necessary in Routine Clinical Practice?
Alnahhas I
A number of molecular characteristics are essential for accurate diagnosis and prognostication in glioma.
Balancing Fertility Preservation and Treatment Efficacy in (Neo)adjuvant Therapy for Adolescent and Young Adult Breast Cancer Patients: a Narrative Review
Tanaka Y, Amano T, Nakamura A, Takahashi A, Takebayashi A, Hanada T, Tsuji S and Murakami T
Adolescent and young adult (AYA) breast cancer survivors face a significant risk of infertility due to the gonadotoxic effects of (neo)adjuvant therapy, which complicates their ability to conceive post-treatment. While (neo)adjuvant therapy primarily aims to improve recurrence-free and overall survival, fertility preservation strategies should also be considered for young patients. This narrative review explores recent advancements in fertility preservation techniques, such as oocyte, embryo, and ovarian tissue cryopreservation, and evaluates the feasibility of modifying breast cancer (neo)adjuvant therapy to preserve fertility without compromising survival outcomes.
Existing Health Inequities in the Treatment of Advanced and Metastatic Cancers
Nair N and Schlumbrecht M
This study aims to identify health inequities related to the medical treatment and supportive care of patients with advanced/metastatic cancer and recommend solutions to promote health equity.
Telemedicine and Virtual Interventions in Cancer Rehabilitation: Practical Application, Complications and Future Potentials
Chang P and Engle J
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the practical applications of comprehensive cancer rehabilitation services through telemedicine.
Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: A Narrative Review of Current Knowledge and Advancements
Elgazar S and Constantinou C
This review aims to provide an update on current knowledge regarding paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), focusing on recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment, as well as future directions in the field.
Current Standards and Controversies in Multidisciplinary Management of Locoregional Gastroesophageal Junction Tumors
Santos ET, Baig D and Sanford NN
There has been controversy in the management of gastroesophageal (GE) junction cancers with pre-operative chemoradiation and peri-operative chemotherapy as accepted practices. We aim to assess and compare the defining trials establishing current standards of care and discuss future directions seeking to further improve patient-centered outcomes in GE junction cancers.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbs for Breast Cancer Prevention and Survival: A Narrative Review of Epidemiological Studies from Taiwan
Hou YN, Chimonas S, Patel P, Kantor ED, Traina TA, Yen HR and Mao JJ
This review aims to describe the association of integrating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs into conventional medicine (CM) in preventing breast cancer and improving survival rates among breast cancer patients of Taiwan.
Current Status of Immunotherapy in Management of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors
Fields BC, Ayabe RI, Seo YD, Maxwell JE and Halperin DM
This study aims to present the current landscape of immunotherapy in the management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors and identify ongoing and future targets for improved response.
Uterine-Conserving Treatment Options for Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia and Early Endometrial Cancer
Adjei NN, Bowen MB, Wilke RN, Yates MS and Westin SN
This review aims to synthesize available literature on uterine-conserving treatment options for atypical endometrial hyperplasia and grade 1 endometrial carcinoma while highlighting remaining unanswered questions.
CAR T-cell Therapy for Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Houillier C and Choquet S
While anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy represents a major advance in systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas have been excluded from pivotal trials because of the fear of neurotoxicity. The purpose of this review was to assess the efficacy and tolerance of CAR T-cells in CNS lymphomas based on recently published studies.
Clinical Applications and Advancements of Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Cardio-Oncology: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Emerging Perspectives
Battisha A, Mann C, Raval R, Anandaram A and Patel B
Recent advancements in molecular biology, biotechnology, chemistry/radiochemistry, artificial intelligence, and imaging techniques have significantly propelled the field of cardiovascular molecular imaging. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of cardiovascular positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and cardiac computed tomography (CT), exploring their roles in elucidating molecular and cellular processes, enabling early disease detection, and guiding novel therapeutic interventions for cardiovascular conditions.
Prostate Cancer, Pathophysiology and Recent Developments in Management: A Narrative Review
Almeeri MNE, Awies M and Constantinou C
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. The different stages of prostate cancer which include localised (low, intermediate, and high risk) disease, locally advanced, non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (M0 CRPCa), and metastatic disease. The main treatment of locally advanced disease is external beam radiotherapy with hormonal therapy which are associated with good prognosis.
Risk Stratification, Screening and Treatment of BRAF/MEK Inhibitors-Associated Cardiotoxicity
Senechal I, Andres MS, Tong J, Ramalingam S, Nazir MS, Rosen SD, Young K, Idaikkadar P, Larkin J and Lyon AR
In this review article we describe the cardiovascular adverse events associated with BRAF and MEK inhibitors as well as their pathophysiologic mechanisms and provide up to date guidance for risk stratified surveillance of patients on treatment and the optimal management of emergent cardiotoxicities.
Tivozanib Monotherapy in the Frontline Setting for Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma and Favorable Prognosis
Frazer R, Arranz JÁ, Estévez SV, Parikh O, Krabbe LM, Vasudev NS, Doehn C, Marschner N, Waddell T, Ince W and Goebell PJ
In this review, we discuss which patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may be most suitable for frontline tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy, a treatment option supported by emerging long-term efficacy data including overall survival and quality of life. We specifically focus on tivozanib, a potent and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which has comparable efficacy to other single-agent TKIs in frontline treatment for mRCC while exhibiting fewer off-target side effects.