Chiral phosphines are important ligands in asymmetric catalysis, yet their potential as directing groups for asymmetric C-H activation remains unexplored due to the oxidative nature of these reactions. We present a Pd-catalysed, P(III)-directed diastereoselective acetoxylation of phosphoramidites, with DFT calculations elucidating their unique reactivity and supporting the proposed reaction mechanism.

This work reports the intramolecular phosphine-oxide stabilized tetra-coordinated germanium(IV) di-cation on an acenaphthene platform, 1iPrPO. Computational study shows that the positive charges and the acceptor orbitals are localized on the Ge site. 1iPrPO is Lewis super acidic, capable of catalysing hydrodefluorination reaction. 1iPrPO also catalyses hydrosilylation of electron-deficient aldehydes.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a leading cause of acute liver failure, which is closely associated with oxidative stress. Glutathione (GSH), a vital sulfhydryl peptide, maintains cellular redox balance and signaling. In this study, we have successfully developed a highly selective near-infrared fluorescent probe, AH-F, which exhibits a 357-fold enhancement in fluorescence upon detection of GSH. With the aid of AH-F, the pertinent physiological parameters in a murine model were characterized by cellular and drug-induced liver injury, concurrently allowing for the assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of relevant pharmaceutical interventions.

Allenes exhibit comparatively lower stability compared to alkenes and alkynes, which confers heightened reactivity to these compounds. Recently, the radical functionalization of allenes has progressed considerably, leading to a renaissance in the synthesis of functional natural products, drugs and their analogues, but summary work addressing this aspect has not been reported. This review systematically summarizes recent advancements in the field of radical functionalization of allenes reported within the past five years. It encompasses the difunctionalization and trifunctionalization of the three carbon atoms in allenes, as well as the functionalization of C-Y bonds (Y = H, Br). The representative studies are categorized based on the type of radicals generated, including -, -, -, -, and -centered radicals. For individual more complex reactions, the mechanisms are explored and briefly discussed.

This review explores the catalytic decomposition of ammonia into hydrogen, a critical process for sustainable hydrogen production. As ammonia rapidly emerges as the preferred carrier for hydrogen storage and transport, efficient decomposition methods are crucial for advancing hydrogen's role in the energy transition. While previously published reviews have primarily focused on metal catalysts such as Ru, Ni, and Co, as well as the influence of supports and other catalytic systems, recent developments in transitioning from nanoparticles to single-atom and cluster catalysts (SACs) have not been extensively covered. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in the development of nanoparticle, SAC, and metal cluster catalysts-including noble metals, transition metals, and bimetallic systems-for ammonia cracking and their structure-activity relationships. In particular, ruthenium (Ru) remains the standout catalyst due to its exceptional activity and stability. Additionally, it was found that SACs, and metal clusters exhibit remarkable catalytic performance due to their high atom utilization and distinct electronic properties compared to traditional nanoparticle catalysts. This review also discusses the challenges and future opportunities in the field, highlighting the potential of metal catalysts, SACs, and metal clusters to revolutionize ammonia cracking and hydrogen production technologies.

sp-Carbon-conjugated porous polymers (spC-CPPs) are promising photothermal materials but suffer from poor processability. We present a double-network cross-linked polymer foam (DN-CPF) that integrates spC-CPPs with flexible polymer chains, achieving 92.6% photothermal efficiency and a water evaporation rate of 1.53 kg m h under one sun, demonstrating excellent stability, salt resistance, and potential for efficient solar-driven desalination.

A nanopore engineering approach enhances acetylene (CH) over carbon dioxide (CO) selectivity in ionic ultramicroporous polymers (IUPs), an understudied class of sorbents. Extending the cationic arm of a prototypical IUP nearly doubles its CH/CO selectivity from 4.9 to 8.5 (at 298 K, 1 bar), underpinned by further observations from dynamic separation experiments and bespoke computational insights.

Spin-polarized catalysts have garnered significant interest in electrocatalysis, namely in the electrocatalytic oxidation of water, which has very sluggish kinetics due to its high overpotential. After the groundbreaking discovery that the electron's spin employing the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect can control the kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), numerous studies have been carried out to demonstrate the impact of electron's spin on reducing the overpotential of the OER. Apart from CISS, various magnetic materials have been explored as OER catalysts, and the outcomes are found to be very promising for the development of spin-based OER catalyst materials. This review highlights the remarkable journey of the evolution of the spin-polarized catalyst, starting from chiral materials to magnetic materials, which has happened in the last decade and its contribution toward the enhancement of OER kinetics, which is a very essential process for the advancement of renewable energy technologies.

The lattice thermal conductivity of p-type skutterudite MmFeCoSb is reduced to ∼0.69 W m K at 623 K compositing 0.75 wt% polyaniline nanoparticles. The thermoelectric figure of merit reaches ∼1.16 at 723 K, and the efficiency of a virtual device gets to 10.7% at Δ = 480 K through finite element simulations.

After grafting polyalkylamines into a Cr-MOF, the materials were tested for their efficacy in catalyzing cycloaddition reactions between CO and 1,2-epoxybutane (EB). While the amines significantly increased the MOF's cyclic carbonate selectivity, Cr promoted the formation of unwanted polymeric side-products that became trapped in the MOF pores, reducing catalyst cyclability.

Herein, we report two charge-assisted hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (iHOF-24 and iHOF-25) with 3D/2D hydrogen-bonding networks, which exhibit high ionic conductivity for alkali metal ions. Among them, the conductivity of Li is higher than that of Na and K, and the ionic conductivities of Li@iHOF-24 and Li@iHOF-25 at 30 °C were 9.44 × 10 and 9.85 × 10 S cm. This change is attributed to the distance between neighboring carbonyl groups in iHOF-24 and iHOF-25, as well as the radius of the loaded alkali metal ions.

Phase transitions enabling subtle structural and compositional changes offer valuable insights into the luminescence regulation of metal halides. Herein, six copper-based hybrid halides were synthesized, achieving halogen and solvent induced structural transitions, along with luminescence transformations among identical structures through defect filling. These luminescence transitions endow them with suitable applications in anti-counterfeiting.

We develop a microwave-assisted solid-phase synthesis (MASS) for NaV(PO)F (NVPF) using NHF, NHVO, and NaCO precursors, achieving ultrafast synthesis (40 minutes) and a fractal microstructure with uniform carbon coating. The NVPF cathode delivers near-theoretical capacity (127.41 mA h g at 0.1C), retains 60.83 mA h g at 20C, and shows 95.19% capacity retention after 500 cycles. Full cells (NVPF‖HC) demonstrate industrial viability with 475.6 W h kg energy density. This work provides a scalable, energy-efficient strategy for high-performance energy storage materials.

Mn-based layered oxide cathodes with anionic redox activity are desirable for sodium-ion batteries due to their high specific energy and low cost. Rational modulation of electronic configurations enables a complete solid-solution reaction in the Na-O-Li configuration, enhancing and stabilizing the capacity derived from anionic redox.

A Pd-catalyzed, ligand-free method for β,δ-selective consecutive arylation of internal alkenes with aryl iodides has been developed. This transformation employs a native group-directed double Heck arylation, utilizing selective β-H elimination to achieve precise regiochemical control. The protocol demonstrates high efficiency and broad functional group tolerance.

Spin labelling enables the study of biomolecules using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Here, we describe the synthesis of a cysteine-reactive spin label based on a spirocyclic pyrrolidinyl nitroxide containing an iodoacetamide moiety. The spin label was shown to be highly persistent under reducing conditions while maintaining excellent EPR relaxation parameters up to a temperature of 180 K. After successful double spin labelling of a calmodulin variant, interspin distances were measured by the EPR experiment double electron-electron resonance (DEER) at 120 K.

Zn and F elements are introduced into the lattice of Li-rich layered oxides, and the experimental results strongly prove that the dual-doping effectively alleviates surface-interface reactions and significantly improves surface structural stability. As a result, the dual-doped sample delivers an excellent capacity retention ratio as large as 86.9% after 200 cycles.

This study presents a rapid preparation method for a self-supporting polymer electrolyte thiol-ene click reaction. The resulting electrolyte demonstrates a high ionic conductivity of 9.5 × 10 S cm at 90 °C and a lithium ion transference number of 0.77. The lithium symmetrical battery stably operated for 1200 h at 0.1 mA cm, significantly suppressing the formation of lithium dendrites.

In this work, we have developed a Sanger's reagent-based photocage, LNDA-NBD-Sanger, which releases the caged COX-2 inhibitor, lenalidomide (LNDA), under 400 nm UV irradiation while producing a fluorescent signal from the activated nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) derivative, realizing the monitoring of LNDA release in cancer cells and light-controlled anti-cancer therapy.

In contrast to the normal allenoates (2,3-butadienoates) that undergo phosphine/amine addition generating dipolar-type intermediates, acetoxy allenoates that contain a facile-leaving -OAc group create electrophilic diene-phosphonium/ammonium intermediates rendering the reactivity pattern vastly different in the two cases. This review highlights the fascinating chemistry of acetoxy allenoates and related substrates. The diene-phosphonium/ammonium intermediate thus formed from acetoxy allenoate [substituted 5-acetoxypenta-2,3-dienoate or 2-(acetoxymethyl)buta-2,3-dienoate] participates in a plethora of cycloaddition/annulation reactions with bisnucleophiles generating multifunctional hetero- or homo-cycles in very few steps. Thus the electron-withdrawing effect of the phosphonium as well as carboxylate groups, making the diene-phosphonium/ammonium intermediates quite electrophilic, has been pivotal to the growth and significant interest during the last 10-15 years in this emerging class of substrates as revealed in this article. A comparison of this chemistry with that of (acetoxy)(acyl)allenes and allenyl acetates is also made briefly.

A novel cathode Li-supplement additive, LiSiO@rGO, has been developed; it features high capacity (820 mA h g), high air stability, and feasible Li-supplement potential (4.3 V). Its integration in NCM622‖graphite improves the energy density by 9% and enhances the capacity retention from 27.5% to 70%. Analogous improvements are also manifested in LFP‖graphite.