Observational studies have reported a close relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and neurological disorders, but the existence of a causal link remains uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate these relationships and potential mediators via Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Research suggests that comorbid depression and PTSD may contribute to cognitive impairment. However, few studies have explored this dynamic in military personnel who report only subclinical symptoms of PTSD and depression.

This study assessed adolescent brain-behavior relationships between large-scale dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) and an integrated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) phenotype, including measures of inattention, impulsivity/hyperactivity and emotional dysregulation. Despite emotion dysregulation being a core clinical feature of ADHD, studies rarely assess its impact on large-scale FNC.

Intravenous (IV) ketamine has been evaluated alongside electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in addressing major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar depression (BD), though the comparative outcomes remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to provide a systematic assessment of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of IV ketamine relative to ECT for treating MDD or BD.

Despite the pivotal role of the hypothalamus in regulating various physiological processes, our understanding of its developmental trajectory and subregional organization during childhood and adolescence remains limited, as well as how emotional and behavioral problems can impact hypothalamic development, potentially leading to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Objective and quantitative neuroimaging biomarkers are crucial for early diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, previous studies using machine learning (ML) to distinguish MDD have often used small sample sizes and overlooked MDD's neural connectome and mechanism. To address these gaps, we applied Dynamic Graph Convolutional Nets (DGCNs) to a large multi-site dataset of 2317 resting state functional MRI (RS-fMRI) scans from 1081 MDD patients and 1236 healthy controls from 16 Rest-meta-MDD consortium sites. Our DGCN model combined with the personal whole brain functional connectivity (FC) network achieved an accuracy of 82.5 % (95 % CI:81.6-83.4 %, AUC:0.869), outperforming other universal ML classifiers. The most prominent domains for classification were mainly in the default mode network, fronto-parietal and cingulo-opercular network. Our study supports the stability and efficacy of using DGCN to characterize MDD and demonstrates its potential in enhancing neurobiological comprehension of MDD by detecting clinically related disorders in FC network topologies.

Children's loneliness has become an increasingly pervasive issue of public health due to the vulnerability of school-aged children. This study aims to identify latent classes of school-age children based on their exhibited symptoms of loneliness and explore the influencing factors.

Diagnostic delays in Bipolar Disorder (BD) are common and may contribute to worse outcomes. While most studies focus on depression as a primary precursor, both anxiety and attention deficit disorders are also frequent initial diagnoses. In the current study, we utilized a large, diverse electronic health record (EHR) dataset to quantify the rates and correlates of conversion to BD from these major precursor diagnoses.

The objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation disclosure over the past two decades in nationally representative samples of the general population, and to identify factors associated with disclosure.

Evidence from animal and population studies has consistently revealed that microRNA 218 (MIR218) is involved in susceptibility to depression and cognitive functions. Nevertheless, few studies have evaluated the association between MIR218 and clinical features in patients with depressed bipolar disorder (BD).

The Mendelian randomization approach has emerged as a powerful tool, leveraging genetic variations as natural random experiments to minimize confounding and infer causality with unique advantages. Previous research has highlighted the crucial roles of gut microbiotas and inflammatory factors in mental-behavioral disorders, albeit to varying degrees. However, the precise causal relationship between gut microbiotas and mental-behavioral disorders remains elusive, and the potential role of inflammatory factors as mediators in this process is unclear.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the most common mental disorders in parents after birth. To develop tailored preventive programs, it is necessary to identify risk factors for PPD in parents. This study aimed to examine the impact of parental childhood maltreatment (CM) as a risk factor for PPD.

Human's response inhibition could be classified as proactive (top-down) and reactive (bottom-up) inhibition process. Although trait anxiety has been proposed to alter an individual's response inhibition, whether and how it modulates the proactive and reactive response inhibition processes in different emotional contexts remains unclear.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, severe mental illness with a significant socio-economic burden. The early recognition of BD requires reliable and valid instruments.

Depression is one of the most widespread diseases worldwide, with the highest rates of disability. Considering its chronic course, over the years several treatment options have been developed and validated, however still with high relapse rates. Therefore, in recent years, the so-called third wave psychotherapies have been developed for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Among these, the Metacognitive therapy (MCT) has proven to be effective in treating depression. The aim of this review is to evaluate the efficacy of MCT as monotherapy or adjunctive treatment in reducing depressive symptoms in patients suffering from major depression or dysthymia.

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing public health concern among young adults in both clinical and non-clinical settings. Despite evidence linking NSSI to alterations in learning from reward and punishment, this area remains understudied, especially in non-clinical populations without borderline personality disorder (BPD).

Military personnel face unique stressors to their mental health.

Becoming a father is a critical period of life transition. Evidence suggests that lifetime history of mental health disorder/s and elevated depressive symptoms prior to conception increase risk for men's postnatal depression. Less is understood about the role of positive mental health, or wellbeing, as a protective factor for future depressive outcomes during the transition to fatherhood. The present study investigated whether men's post-natal depressive outcomes were associated with pre-conception levels of wellbeing and whether wellbeing during the post-natal period predicted depressive outcomes post-infancy.

Differentiating between patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is clinically challenging. This study aimed to explore the potential of radiomic textural features for discriminating BD and MDD.

The insula has a significant impact on interoception and depression. This study aims to explore the role of the insula in mediating treatment responses to high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).

Due to the high incidence and high misdiagnosis rate of depressive disorder, biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis of depressive disorder are urgently needed to reduce the misdiagnosis rate and improve the cure rate.