Previous studies have reported the thyroid disruptive effects of prenatal phthalate exposure; however, evidence on the impact of prenatal phthalate alternative exposure on neonatal thyroid function is still limited. We aimed to investigate the associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and phthalate alternatives (individually and as a mixture) and neonatal thyroid function, based on longitudinal data from the Wuhan Healthy Baby Cohort Study. We measured concentrations of phthalate and phthalate alternative metabolites (mPAEs) in urine samples, provided by 1202 mothers at three trimesters, and neonatal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in heel-prick blood samples. The results suggested higher levels of some mPAEs, particularly monomethyl phthalate (MMP) and mono-2-ethyl-5-Carboxypentyl terephthalate (MECPTP), were associated with increased neonatal TSH. Interquartile range (IQR) increases of mPAEs were associated with an increase in TSH ranging from 8.21 % to 13.5 %, and the associations were more likely to occur in girls. Quantiles g-computation models revealed that joint exposure to phthalates was significantly associated with increased TSH in three trimesters, MEOHP and MMP were the most predominant contributors to the positive associations. The research results imply that prenatal phthalate exposure may interfere with thyroid hormone homeostasis, which warrants further replication.

Plastic pollution has become a major issue for marine ecosystems. Seabirds are particularly vulnerable to this pollution and are very good indicators of the ecological state of marine ecosystems. This study aims to analyse the presence of plastics in the digestive tracts of two seabird species: the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica) and the razorbill (Alca torda), collected along the Andalusia coast in Southern Spain. A total of 123 carcasses were collected during the autumn and winter seasons of 2022-2024. The results showed a significantly higher presence of plastics in Atlantic puffin (65.0 %) compared to razorbill (18.4 %). The mean number of plastics per puffin was 2.50 ± 2.75, while per razorbill was 0.31 ± 0.94. The predominant type of ingested plastic was fibres in both Atlantic puffin (38.0 %, n = 19) and razorbill (40.6 %, n = 13), with an average size of 1.58 ± 0.74 mm and 2.13 ± 1.98 mm, respectively. The predominant colour was black in both species (22.0 % in puffin and 46.9 % in razorbill), and polyethylene (39.5 %) was the most common plastic polymer, consisting of highly fragmented particles with low levels of adhering heavy metals. This study supports the growing concern about plastic pollution in marine environment, showing that alcid populations are ingesting plastics, potentially threatening these vulnerable species.

Hydrazine (NH), a highly reactive specie widely used in industrial processes, poses significant ecological risks. Accurate detection of NH is essential for safeguarding public health, yet developing a robust tool for its global detection remains a significant challenge. Herein, we developed a ratiometric fluorescent sensor, DIPOT, designed for ultra-sensitive and portable detection of NH in eco-environmental systems. DIPOT exhibited excellent ratiometric fluorescence performance for NH in aqueous solution, with a detection limit as low as 4.5 nM and a substantial 156 nm blue shift, transitioning from red to green fluorescence. We integrated it into portable test strips for on-site quantitative detection and analysis of NH vapor and solution via a smartphone application. DIPOT and its portable platform have been successfully applied to monitor ultra-trace levels of NH in 20 diverse eco-environmental samples, including water, soil, crops, food and living organisms, showcasing its versatility. Furthermore, DIPOT facilitates real-time ratiometric bioimaging of NH in living plants, cells and zebrafish. Our findings provide a robust and eco-friendly approach for global tracking of NH, representing a significant advancement in environmental sensing technology.

This study focuses on treating phenolic wastewater with a novel closed fixed-bed bacteria-algae biofilm reactor (CF-BABR) to enhance resource transformation for phenolic substances. The CF-BABR showed strong impact - load resistance and stable degradation efficiency, fully degrading phenolic compounds at concentrations from 0 to 150 mg/L. From the inflow to the outflow, the effective sequences, abundance, and diversity of bacteria decreased. Chlorobaculum was the dominant bacterium for phenolic pollutant degradation. The abundance of fungi decreased gradually, while their diversity increased. Kalenjinia and Cutaneotrichosporon played a synergistic role in reducing pollutant toxicity. The high - concentration pollutants at the influent led to a higher abundance of microalgal communities, and Scenedesmaceae became the most dominant algal family, which was positively correlated with the degradation of phenolic compounds. Functional gene prediction indicated that the abundance of functional genes in bacteria decreased overall along the wastewater flow. Carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism were the most active secondary pathways. In fungi, the predicted gene functions had the highest abundance in the upstream region. Metabolic intermediates such as organic acids and derivatives, lipids and lipid - like molecules, and carboxylic acids and derivatives demonstrated the degradation effect of CF-BABR on phenolic compounds.

GBP, a widely used antiepileptic drug, is frequently detected in aquatic environments due to inefficient removal in wastewater treatment. This study investigates the chronic reproductive toxicity of GBP in zebrafish (Danio rerio), a model species for endocrine disruption. Exposure began at 20 days post-fertilization (dpf), coinciding with sex differentiation, and continued for 130 days at environmentally relevant concentrations (1, 10, and 100 μg/L). Our results demonstrated that chronic GBP exposure, even at 1 μg/L, significantly impaired reproductive health in zebrafish, including gonadal development, reduced fecundity, and even the developmental success in the F1 generation. Gene expression analysis revealed alterations in key genes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, resulting in sex-dependent hormonal dysregulation. These findings highlight the potential ecological risks of GBP contamination, where even low concentrations can profoundly affect fish reproduction. The study emphasizes the need for further research on pharmaceutical pollutants and their long-term impacts, as well as improved wastewater treatment processes to mitigate pharmaceutical contamination in aquatic ecosystems.

The pollution of metal ions triggers great risks of damaging biodiversity and biodiversity-driven ecosystem multifunctioning, whether microbial functional gene can mirror ecosystem multifunctionality in nonferrous metal mining areas remains largely unknown. Macrogenome sequencing and statistical tools are used to decipher linkage between functional genes and ecosystem multifunctioning. Soil samples were collected from subdams in a copper tailings area at various stages of restoration. The results indicated that the diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities were more sensitive than those of the fungal and archaeal communities during the restoration process. The mean method revealed that nutrient, heavy metal, and soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus multifunctionality decreased with increasing bacterial community richness, whereas highly significant positive correlations were detected between the species richness of the bacterial, fungal, and archaeal communities and the multifunctionality of the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus functional genes and of functional genes for metal resistance in the microbial communities. SEM revealed that soil SWC and pH were ecological factors that directly influenced abiotic factor-related EMF; microbial diversity was a major biotic factor influencing the functional gene multifunctionality of the microbiota; and different abiotic and biotic factors associated with EMF had differential effects on whole ecosystem multifunctionality. These findings will help clarify the contributions of soil microbial diversity and functional genes to multifunctionality in degraded ecosystems.

The dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in wastewater treatment poses a severe threat to the global ecological environment. This study explored the effectiveness of photocatalysis in inactivating antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and quantitatively clarified the inhibiting rate of the transfer of antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs). Herein, the magnetic heterojunction as UiO-66-NH@CuFe LDH-FeO (UN-66@LDH-Fe) effectively facilitated the electron-hole separation and accelerated the photogenerated charge transfer, thereby guaranteeing the stable practical application in aeration tanks. Notably, the internal electric field of heterogeneous photocatalyst resulted in significant increase of ARGs inactivation, achieving 5.63 log of ARB, 3.66 log of tetA and 3.57 log of Ampr genes were photodegraded under optimal reaction conditions within 6 h. Based on the complex microbial and molecular mechanism of multiple-ARB communities inactivation in photo-treatment, the photogenerated reactive oxygen species (ROSs, ·OH and ·O) effectively destroyed bacterial membrane protein, thereby the intracellular ROSs and redox cycles further induced oxidative stress, attributing to the abundance reduction of ARGs and their host bacteria. Moreover, long-term (7 days) continuous operation preliminarily verified the practical potential in reducing AMR spread and developing wastewater treatment efficacy. Overall, this study presented an advantageous synergistic strategy for mitigating the AMR-associated environmental risk in wastewater treatment.

Glyphosate, the most widely utilized herbicide, frequently coexists with nitrogen fertilizers such as urea in soil environments. Nitrogen cycling is a key process for maintaining soil ecological functions and nutrient balance. However, the effects of co-exposure to glyphosate and urea on this process have remained unclear. This study investigated the impact of co-exposure to glyphosate (10 mg/kg) and urea (260.87 or 347.83 mg/kg, equivalent to 180 or 240 kg N/ha) on soil nitrogen cycling through a 98-day incubation experiment. Soil nutrients, enzyme activities, bacterial community structure, and functional genes were analyzed. NH-N and NO-N contents significantly decreased by 44.70-53.43 % and 36.74-49.12 %, respectively. Co-exposure reduced bacterial diversity and altered nitrogen cycling genes, decreasing nifH while increasing amoA and nosZ, indicating reduced nitrogen input potential and increased inorganic nitrogen loss. Enzyme analysis confirmed excessive activation of nitrification and denitrification, lowering nitrogen availability. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) showed co-exposure indirectly decreased NH-N and NO-N via enhanced nitrate and nitrite reductase activities. The study highlights the complex interactions between herbicides and fertilizers in soil environments and underscores the need for further research to understand the implications for wider soil health and crop production in agriculture systems.

This study investigates the breakpoint chlorination process and its impact on fungal spore and bacterial inactivation, focusing on the dynamic role of chloramines. Using Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis as model microorganisms, a three-stage inactivation pattern driven by varying Cl/N ratios was revealed. As Cl/N increases, the overall disinfection efficiency improves, with free chlorine dominating bacterial inactivation beyond the breakpoint. However, for fungal spores, monochloramine (NHCl) remains the primary inactivating agent even as Cl/N approaches and surpasses the breakpoint. At the peak chloramination stage, NHCl contributes 94 % of fungal inactivation, exploiting its superior ability to penetrate the robust, multilayered spore wall, compared to only 71 % for bacteria. In contrast, the oxidative potential of free chlorine is more effective against the simpler bacterial cell wall. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of peak chloramination in fungal control, as NHCl demonstrates superior cost-efficiency and inactivation performance during this stage. Although free chlorine provides broad-spectrum pathogen coverage beyond the breakpoint, targeting fungal spores effectively requires leveraging the unique advantages of NHCl. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing disinfection strategies by balancing Cl/N ratios to enhance microbial inactivation while minimizing operational costs and disinfection byproduct risks.

The increased occurrence and concentration of micropollutants in water supplies raise public health concerns. Advanced oxidation of micropollutants in real water sources remains challenging due to scavenging reactions involving background anions and natural organic matter. For the first time, this paper demonstrates that chloride (Cl) accelerates the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by iron-biochar (Fe/BC) composites. Under the tested conditions, this novel system completely degraded bisphenol A (BPA), a representative micropollutant, within 1.0 min. Micropollutant degradation was investigated at different Cl contents, PMS levels, Fe/BC doses, and solution pH. The primary reactive species involved with BPA degradation were iron(IV) (Fe(IV)), sulfate radical (SO), hydroxyl radical (OH), and reactive chlorine species (Cl, ClO, Cl). The steady-state concentrations of these reactive species were evaluated to determine their relationships to the Cl and PMS contents. Fe(IV) was confirmed as the dominant reactive species, with Fe(IV) concentrations increasing with Cl content and salinity to enhance the overall BPA degradation. Importantly, BPA degradation by the Fe/BC/PMS/Cl system was not greatly affected by background anions or natural organic matter (NOM) present in real water sources, and the system was successfully applied for five sequential cycles of BPA treatment.

Over the past few decades, significant mortality rates have been reported in honey bee populations. The decline of these pollinators is thought to be linked to a combination of stressors, including both pathogens and pesticides. Here, we investigated the impact of chronic exposure of honey bees to a class of fungicides that inhibit succinate dehydrogenase (SDHI), in combination with the parasite Nosema ceranae. Bees were exposed under controlled laboratory conditions to N. ceranae and/or fed with two environmental concentrations of four different SDHIs (boscalid, bixafen, fluopyram, and fluxapyroxad). The bees were monitored for 21 days, during which several health parameters were evaluated, including survival, food consumption, parasitic load and lipid reserves. Additionally, a global RNA-Seq approach was used to analyze midgut transcriptional changes in non-infected and N. ceranae-infected bees treated with fluopyram. The results indicate complex and deleterious interactions of SDHI active substances, characterized by dose-response effects and non-monotonic reactions in uninfected bees. However, co-exposure to N. ceranae significantly modified these responses, with an antagonistic effect on survival and lipid reserves, which could be linked to mitochondrial disruption and activation of detoxification mechanisms. These results highlight the importance of considering bee co-exposure to multiple stressors over their lifespan.

Atmospheric transport and deposition represent an important pathway for terrestrial pollutants to enter aquatic environments. However, for many surface water environments such as lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, the contribution of MPs through atmospheric deposition is unclear, partly because the methods and technologies available for particle tracing have not been adequately developed. Herein, a multi-component approach was utilized to investigate atmospheric MP sources, inputs, and depositional characteristics to Wuliangsuhai Lake located within a cold and arid climatic region. The methods that were utilized include field monitoring experiments, HYSPLIT backward trajectory modeling, bivariable polar coordinate modeling, orthogonal matrix decomposition modeling (PMF), and dry settlement numerical modeling. These methods were combined with an assessment of particle morphology and composition. The results show that the atmospheric depositional flux of MPs to Wuliangsuhai Lake varied seasonally, with spring > summer > autumn. The deposited MPs were dominated by fibers. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE) were the most common polymer types. Microplastic sources also varied seasonally, although fibrous MPs were consistently derived mainly from small towns or cities. The PMF model defined four MP sources, including living, transportation, agricultural, and building sources. Sedimentation modeling showed that the dry atmospheric deposition of MPs in spring, summer, and autumn within the lake was 6.75 t, 5.34 t, and 3.88 t, respectively. This study shows that atmospheric deposition importantly contributes to MPs in cold areas lakes, and wind speed and direction are among the key factors influencing the amount, sources, and morphotype of atmospheric MPs deposited in lakes.

Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is extensively employed in soil remediation due to its superior capacity for removing heavy metals, however, issues related to its agglomeration and oxidation hinder its practical application. Therefore, in this study, lignin-based hydrogel-coated nano ferric sulfide (BLS-nZVI@LH) was synthesized and evaluated for its stabilizing effect, underlying mechanism, and influence on the soil microenvironment and health risks. The results indicate that BLS-nZVI@LH significantly mitigated nZVI agglomeration and oxidation, thereby enhancing its reactivity. The formation of FeS on the particle surface provided additional active sites for stabilizing Pb and Cd in the soil. In soil incubation experiments, BLS-nZVI@LH significantly improved the stability of Pb and Cd after 90 days. Compared to sulfide nano-zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) and ball-milled lignin sulfide nano-zero-valent iron (BLS-nZVI), BLS-nZVI@LH increased the soil's residual Cd content by 23.0 % and 31.0 %, respectively, and the oxidizable Pb content by 10.9 % and 20.8 %. Characterization analysis revealed that precipitation, redox reactions, and surface complexation primarily govern Cd stabilization by BLS-nZVI@LH, whereas complexation and reduction predominantly contribute to Pb immobilization. Furthermore, BLS-nZVI@LH improved soil pH and organic carbon content, boosting β-glucosidase and peroxidase activities. It also promoted the richness and diversity of soil microbial communities, particularly enhancing the growth of Sphingomonas, Gemmatimonas, and RB41, thereby improving the soil microenvironment and boosting remediation capacity. In continuous cropping experiments, the addition of 0.5 % and 1 % BLS-nZVI@LH significantly reduced Pb and Cd absorption and accumulation in Chinese broccoli. Notably, 1 % supplementation lowered Pb and Cd levels in edible parts below the national food safety standard (Pb ＜ 0.3, Cd ＜ 0.2 mg·kg), thereby effectively mitigating dietary health risks across different populations. This study offers technical insights into the development of highly active modified materials and provides scientific evidence for the application of BLS-nZVI@LH in stabilizing Pb and Cd contamination in soils, improving soil health, and reducing heavy metal accumulation in crops.

Doping-modification is extensively employed to enhance the catalyst activity for VOCs oxidation. However, the specific interactions between doped metals and different VOC components remain unclear. This method can positively or negatively influence various catalyst properties, yet their contributions to catalytic activity remain unverified. Herein, the CoO was doped with Ce, Mn, or Cu. The relative contributions of their properties to the catalytic performance for three typical VOCs (toluene, butyl acetate and acetone) were quantified by Analysis of Variance. The F-value followed the order as Co Co> O > O > crystal size(Cs) ≈ BET specific surface area(S) for all VOCs. The Co Co exhibited the prominent influence on the catalytic activity, followed by active oxygen species. Ce doping with the most significant positive effect on Co Co, O, S and Cs exhibited the optimal catalytic performance for all VOCs. It achieved the low temperature for 90 % VOC conversion(T), with 242℃ for toluene, 190℃ for butyl acetate and 187℃ for acetone, and maintained activity for over 5600 min. Mn doping with the most significant positive effect on O, also promoted the catalytic activity, particularly for the oxygen-containing VOCs. In contrast, Cu doping with the inferior Cs and S, slightly enhanced active oxygen species and almost unvarying Co Co could only slightly promote the catalytic activity for toluene and acetone. The established relationship between the doped metals, catalyst properties and the VOCs components, and the quantified contribution will provide strategy for the targeted modification of catalysts to efficiently oxidize VOCs.

Both microplastics (MPs) and engineered nanoparticles are pervasive emerging contaminants that can produce combined toxicity to terrestrial ecosystems, yet their effects on soil microbiomes remain inadequately understood. Here, metagenomic analysis was employed to investigate the impacts of three common MPs [i.e., polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polylactic acid (PLA)] and zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) on soil microbiomes. Both MPs and nZnO significantly altered the taxonomic, genetic, and functional diversity of soil microbes, with distinct effects depending on dosage or type. Archaea, fungi, and viruses exhibited more pronounced responses compared to bacteria. Higher doses of MPs and nZnO reduced gene abundance for nutrient cycles like C degradation and N cycling, but enhanced CO fixation and S metabolism. nZnO consistently decreased the complexity, connectivity, and modularity of microbial networks; however, these negative effects could be mitigated by co-existing MPs, particularly at elevated doses. Notably, PLA (10 %, w/w) exhibited greater harm to fungal communities and increased negative interactions between microbes and nutrient-cycling genes, posing unique risks compared to PE and PS. These findings demonstrate that MPs and nZnO interact synergistically, complicating ecological predictions and emphasizing the need to consider pollutant interactions in ecological risk assessments, particularly for biodegradable MPs.

The ceramsite sintering using contaminated sediment or sewage sludge is an effective stratagem for resource utilization and the removal of organic pollutants. However, the release of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) during the ceramsite production is generally overlooked, leading to the excessive POPs emission in exhaust gas. This study explored the release characteristics of typical pollutants in both the solid and gas phases during preheating and sintering processes of ceramsite production under the different field conditions, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Compared with preheating duration and moisture content in the raw ceramsite, preheating temperature was the main factor influencing the removal of POPs during the preheating process (150-300 ℃). Although the residual POPs in the preheated ceramsite could be effectively eliminated by the high temperature (>700 ℃) in the sintering processes, the POPs level in gas phase was generally elevated to some extent. The removal ratio of PCDD/Fs could reach up to 62.8 % and 99.9 % in the preheated and sintered ceramsite, respectively, which were comparable to those for OCPs (71.2 % and 99.7 %). By contrast, they were 21.4 % and 94.1 % for PAHs, respectively. POPs in the exhaust gas emitted during the preheating process accounted for more than 20 % of the overall emissions, which could not be overlooked during the field production. Concerning the energy consumption and efficiency, preheating temperature of 150-200 ℃ and sintering temperature of 900 ℃ were recommended for sintering ceramsite.

Although macrophytes can control filamentous cyanobacteria that produce 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) in lakes, there is a lack of evidence regarding the inhibitory effects of different macrophyte growth forms on 2-MIB producers, as well as the underlying mechanisms. To address this knowledge gap, this study compared the impact of floating-leaved and submerged macrophytes on Pseudanabaena growth and 2-MIB release, combing a field investigation and culture experiments. The field survey showed that both the Pseudanabaena cell density and 2-MIB concentrations were significantly lower in areas dominated by floating-leaved or submerged macrophytes than in phytoplankton-dominated areas. In the culture experiments, floating-leaved macrophytes exhibited overall stronger inhibitory effects on Pseudanabaena than submerged macrophytes. Allelopathic effects emerged as a more critical mechanism than nutrient competition and light limitation in controlling Pseudanabaena growth and 2-MIB release by regulating the photosynthetic activity, gene abundance, and cell density. Allelopathic experiments further confirmed that the dissolved organic matter released from Nymphoides peltate, Trapa bispinosa and Myriophyllum spicatum contained higher concentrations of allelochemicals than that released from Vallisneria natans and Ceratophyllum demersum, driving the photosynthetic inhibition pathway. These findings demonstrate that biological control has great promise as an effective method for odorant management in eutrophic shallow lakes.

As a widely used antioxidant, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) has been frequently detected in the environment and biota. Although a few studies reported its hormone-like activity in vitro, the endocrine disrupting potential of 2,4-DTBP and its effect on reproduction are not yet elucidated. In this study, adult zebrafish were exposed to 5 and 50 nM 2,4-DTBP for 60 days. Reduction in cumulative egg production was observed after 45 days of exposure. Gonadal maturation was also delayed in both female and male zebrafish following 2,4-DTBP exposure. The impaired fecundity was attributed to an imbalance of 17β-estradiol/testosterone ratio (E2/T) and altered transcripts involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Upon exposure, aromatase (CYP19) and E2 levels were significantly decreased in females, but were increased in males. Additionally, molecular docking revealed potential binding of 2,4-DTBP to estrogen receptors and CYP19, highlighting molecular initiating events that may interfere with steroid hormone synthesis. We also showed that 2,4-DTBP can be transferred to offspring, affecting their development and compromising immunity. The expression of triiodothyronine (T3) and hatching-related genes (esr2α, esr2β, and zhe2) were altered, suggesting that parental exposure to 2,4-DTBP resulted in intergenerational toxicity in F1 larvae. Taken together, these findings provide novel insight into the reproductive toxicity of 2,4-DTBP, contributing to its ecological risk assessment.

Autotrophic bioelectrochemical denitrification (BED) holds promise for nitrate remediation. However, the accumulation of byproducts such as NO, NO, and NH, poses a significant challenge to effluent quality and climate adaptation. This study hypothesized that introducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (anammox) to BED could alleviate this issue through synergy: a) anammox can utilize NH and NO from BED without producing NO, as seen in canonical denitrification, and b) BED can recycle NO from the anammox anabolic pathway. Results showed that Anammox_BED reduced NO accumulation by two-thirds, lowered the relative abundance of NO by 80 %, and eliminated NO. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the anammox species Ca. Brocadia sapporoensis tripled in abundance in the bulk sludge. Meanwhile, Pseudomonas stutzeri and Bosea robiniae, species capable of reducing nitrate via extracellular electron transfer (EET) and supplying NO to anammox, halved in relative abundance, while the abundance of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila, a non-EET, ammonia assimilation species, doubled following anammox introduction. Metatranscriptomic analysis found upregulation of denitrification-related functional genes in Anammox_BED biofilm and survival- and motility- related genes in bulk sludge, possibly due to insufficient substrate. Overall, BED-Anammox successfully diverted the rate-limiting EET nitrite reduction towards anammox-driven nitrite utilization thereby mitigating the generation of unwanted intermediates.

Glacier shrinkages and evolutions of post-glacial ecosystems due to human-induced climate change represent some of the most rapidly occurring ecosystem shifts with potential ecological and societal cascading consequences on Earth. Glacial meltwater could introduce a substantial amount of nutrients, dissolved organic matter (DOM), and contaminants stored in glaciers into the lakes. However, influence of glacial meltwater on microbial communities and its impacts in the transformation of trace contaminants by microbes are frequently underestimated. This study explored the distribution of nutrients, mercury (Hg), and microbial communities across the meltwaters, surface waters, deep waters, and outflows of three proglacial lakes that formed after 2000 on the Tibetan Plateau. Our results revealed that alterations in the DOM composition, particularly the efficient metabolism of carbohydrates (CHO), may foster growth and activities of microorganisms. This could enhance the abundance of potential Hg methylators, resulting in an increase in the ratio of methylmercury (MeHg) to total mercury (THg) in water. Our findings highlight substantial interaction between microbial community and compositional variabilities of DOM in proglacial lake. It underlines the essentiality of integrating these factors into future risk appraisals of aquatic ecosystems in proglacial lakes in the context of global climate changes.

Cu-Ce metal oxides were simultaneously supported on the SAPO-34, and the interaction between the CuO and CeO metal oxides was modulated by controlling the Ce/Cu ratio. Of the series of CuCe/SAPO-34 prepared, the prepared CuCe/S-34 catalyst exhibited high activity, strong stability, and good poison resistance for the synergistic removal of NO and toluene. And the CuCe/S-34 catalyst also showed the widest collaborative reaction temperature window, with a conversion > 90 % for NO, and > 70 % for toluene at 250-350 °C. The selectivity was found to be ∼100 % for both CO and N at 225-350 °C. The CuCe/S-34 catalyst exhibited the characteristics of improved active component dispersion, appropriate redox properties, and oxygen vacancy content which are the important reasons for its excellent performance in the low-temperature synergistic removal of NO and toluene. Results from TPD experiments and in-situ DRIFTS under different reaction atmospheres for the CuCe/S-34 catalyst showed that the appropriately strong redox properties of the catalyst and its appropriate oxygen vacancy content were key to reduce the mutual influence between toluene oxidation reaction and NO reduction.