Cerebral/cortical visual impairment (CVI), a brain-based condition, has emerged as a leading cause of pediatric visual impairment in the United States and other industrialized nations. The National Eye Institute (NEI) recognized CVI as a priority area for research as part of their 2021 NEI Vision for the Future Strategic Plan and partnered with the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to sponsor a CVI Workshop in November 2023. A panel consisting of a group of clinicians with expertise in diagnosing CVI convened to draft a working definition for this condition. Five key elements were identified: (1) CVI encompasses a spectrum of visual impairments caused by an underlying brain abnormality that affects the development of visual processing pathways and is characterized by deficits in visual function and functional vision; (2) the visual dysfunction in CVI is greater than expected by any comorbid ocular conditions alone; (3) the visual dysfunction in CVI may manifest as lower-order or higher-order afferent visual deficits, or both, leading to characteristic behaviors in affected individuals; (4) although CVI may be comorbid with other neurodevelopmental disorders, CVI is not primarily a disorder of language, learning, or social communication; and (5) the underlying neurologic insult of the developing brain may go unrecognized or undiagnosed until later in life. Future work is needed to achieve consensus on nomenclature, diagnostic criteria, and strategies for early identification and intervention. The NIH is developing a CVI registry to collect relevant demographic and clinical data prospectively and longitudinally to help inform future research questions and to provide insight into considerations for future clinical trials in the field of CVI.

The goal of these analyses is to provide evidence that can help parents and health care providers determine whether or not to continue occlusion therapy once a reliable measure of optotype acuity can be obtained in children who are born with a unilateral congenital cataract.

The prevalence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is increasing, but this has not been examined on a nationwide scale. Our objective was to determine the nationwide prevalence and geographic distribution of IIH among women in the U.S.

To determine the pattern(s) of onset, variation, and progression of retinopathy in patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS).

Nerve growth factor treatment significantly improved visual acuity and non-visual outcomes and reversed the trend of visual decline in 1,476 patients with neurotrophic keratopathy within the IRIS Registry.

School-based vision programs (SBVPs) deliver vision care services directly to students at school, helping address disparities in access to pediatric vision care. We aim to evaluate the associations between SBVP outcomes and school-level characteristics.

To determine the risk of uveitis among e-cigarette users METHODS: The TriNetX database was used to recruit adult patients with and without a history of e-cigarette usage. The primary outcome was the incidence of new-onset uveitis.