We aimed to assess the rates of urethral stricture in transplant recipients, analyse patients with urethral strictures and present the posttreatment follow-up outcomes.

Kidney stone disease poses a significant challenge in the geriatric population. Preoperative renal function has been speculated to influence the composition of renal calculi, and consequently, the management approach. We studied the correlation between preoperative renal function and the composition of renal calculi in elderly patients, which could have implications for optimizing therapeutic strategies.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in neonates pose notable challenges in diagnosis and management because of non-specific clinical manifestations and unique physiological characteristics. Understanding the clinical features and pathogen characteristics of UTIs in this population is crucial for tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to investigate varying clinical features and pathogen characteristics of UTIs, thereby offering a holistic perspective on the multifaceted aspects of UTIs in neonates.

Urinary tract stones present significant health risks to pregnant women and their foetuses. However, the specific risk factors contributing to stone formation during pregnancy, particularly within the Chinese population, remain poorly understood. This retrospective survey aimed to identify demographic, clinical, and obstetric risk factors associated with urinary tract stones in pregnant women at a tertiary hospital in China.

This study aimed to explore the application effect of superficial large vessel insulation combined with self-heating warm paste on intraoperative hypothermia in patients undergoing urologic surgery.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) frequently occur in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), presenting a complex pathogenesis that significantly impairs patient quality of life. Despite the availability of various clinical treatments, challenges remain regarding their efficacy and safety. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to observe the therapeutic effects of Re-Lin-Qing granules in treating T2DM complicated by UTIs, aiming to provide more scientifically validated and effective treatment options for clinical practice.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumour in males, with radical prostatectomy (RP) being the typical treatment. The concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and Roy's adaptation model (RAM) have been proved effective and reliable nursing methods in clinical practice. However, the combined effect of these two methods on patients undergoing RP remains unclear. This study aims to analyse the application effect of ERAS combined with RAM in the perioperative period of patients receiving RP.

Patients with urological tumours frequently experience compromised quality of life and mental health issues. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a primary caregiver training programme conducted by a community health service centre on these patients.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anticancer drug; However, its nephrotoxicity limits its therapeutic efficacy. This study investigates the protective effects of Perilla Alcohol (PA) against DOX-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS), focusing on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways.

This study aimed to explore factors affecting adherence to targeted therapy in patients with renal cell carcinoma, focusing on the fear of adverse drug reactions.

Targeted therapies, including axitinib, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor, and sintilimab, a programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor, have shown promise in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Although their individual efficacies have been demonstrated, the potential synergistic effects of combining these two agents are still being explored.

Neurogenic bladder dysfunction is a common consequence of stroke, and it substantially impacts the quality of life and functional independence of affected individuals. Traditional treatment modalities have limitations in achieving optimal outcomes. This study aims to explore the effects of electroacupuncture treatment on bladder function and neurogenic bladder urodynamic characteristics in stroke patients.

Penile cancer (PeCa) ranks as the 30th most prevalent cancer globally, predominantly affecting populations in developing countries. Phimosis and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection are recognized as the primary risk factors. Early-stage diagnosis typically warrants limited excision or non-invasive therapies. However, recent research into the carcinogenesis, tumour microenvironment, and the role of the host immune system in its development suggests that immunotherapy could be a promising treatment for PeCa. The rarity of the disease, combined with the success of standard treatments and the fact that many patients in clinical trials lack alternative options, contributes to the challenges in patient recruitment for these studies. Additionally, the psychological burden stemming from the stigma associated with such an aggressive genital disease and the preference for quicker treatment options, such as surgery with reconstructive procedures, exacerbates these recruitment difficulties. This systematic review aimed to explore various immunotherapy approaches in treating PeCa to elucidate the potential role of immunotherapy in this context. The literature was sourced from freely accessible, full-text randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, and original articles published in English between 2017 and 2023. Eligible clinical trials were required to be in phase 2 and have published results. Although only one study met the inclusion criteria-a significant limitation-the objective response rate recorded was 6% across nineteen patients with different tumour histologies, of which only six had PeCa. Currently, other studies are either recruiting or ongoing, necessitating further observation, as results from a single study cannot be generalized to the broader population.

Hemorrhage is the most common and dangerous complication after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL). Therefore, this study introduces the management experience of bleeding complications in our center.

Perivascular epithelioid-cell tumour (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal tumour with low malignant potential. PEComa can be found in many organs throughout the body. In the urinary system, it can be found in the prostate, bladder, and kidney. Given the rarity of bladder PEComas, a multidisciplinary approach is often required for diagnosis, encompassing radiological imaging, histopathological examination, and immunohistochemical staining.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a reclusive tumor, usually discovered incidentally on imaging examinations of other abdominal diseases. Although prognosis models based on pathology are more accurate, it is crucial to evaluate tumor prognosis before invasive operations to support the choice of active surveillance and ablation therapy. Thus, non-invasive methods are essential for determining appropriate treatment strategies in patients.

Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations in accurately identifying and characterising prostate apex cancer. Therefore, exploring innovative approaches such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics, biomarker assessments and clinical pathological features is essential to improve diagnostic accuracy.

This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients with cervical cancer (CC) following radical surgery, and analyse the etiological distribution and prognostic implications of these infections.

The objectives of this work were the search for novel prognostic biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) and the improvement of therapy outcomes in cases with a poor prognosis and the failure of immunotherapy.

Transperineal (TP) biopsy is increasingly used as an alternative to standard transrectal (TR) biopsy for prostate cancer detection to reduce infection risks. However, evidence on comparative diagnostic accuracy remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing prostate cancer detection rates between TP and TR ultrasound biopsies.