Local allergic rhinitis (LAR) is a well-defined phenotype in adults, but still there is little data available on children. This scarcity of data can be partly attributed to the lack of standardized protocols for Nasal Allergen Challenges (NAC) in this demographic.

We aimed to investigate the frequency and sociodemographic and clinical distinguishing features of asthmatic patients in whom long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) were added to maintenance therapy in our clinic.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a grievous disease that adversely affects human health and life. β-elemene is a type of sesquiterpenoid extracted from (Zingiberaceae) and displays effects on suppressing tumor growth. However, the regulatory impact of β-elemene in COPD development is not reported.

To evaluate the response to Tezepelumab in real clinical practice, we performed an analysis of the clinical, functional, and inflammatory characteristics of 13 patients with severe asthma after completing four doses of Tezepelumab was performed. When comparing clinical parameters such as asthma control test (ACT), FENO value, exacerbations in the last 4 months, blood eosinophils and FEV1%, before receiving Tezepelumab and after four doses of Tezepelumab, statistically significant differences were found in ACT levels (p=0.0072), exacerbations (p=0.018) and FEV1% (p=0.012) before and after four doses of Tezepelumab. No statistically significant differences were found in blood eosinophils or FeNO levels, however, a mean reduction of 102.5±231 cells/mm and 14.67±30 ppb, respectively, was observed. Patients with a high T2 profile had significantly higher baseline FeNO (p<0.05), but no significant improvement in lung function or asthma control was observed in this group. Patients with Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) were evaluated separately. There was no difference in ACT, FeNO, or lung function changes after tezepelumab use compared to patients without AERD (all p>0.05). We demonstrated, in a multicenter study, the clinical improvement associated with tezepelumab treatment in severe uncontrolled asthma, independent of inflammatory biomarkers, eosinophilic profile, or previous biological failure.

Psoriasis is an autoimmune skin condition characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and chronic immune responses. Gypenosides (Gyp) exhibits anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects on different diseases. However, its functioning and mechanism of Gyp on psoriasis remains unknown.

Allergic diseases are becoming increasingly common, and they are a threat to people's health. Exploring the distribution characteristics of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) in people from Sichuan province, southwest China, can provide clinical epidemiological data. This study enrolled 12,204 consecutive patients with suspected allergies from May 2018 to May 2021. Among the patients, 4206 were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis or asthma. The Rayto Lumiray 1600 detection system and sIgE and total IgE (tIgE) detection kits were used to measure the levels of nine common sIgE and tIgE. sIgE ≥ 0.35 IU/mL was considered positive. The sensitization rate of D1 () is the highest (22.97%), followed by D2 () (23.33%); M3 () has the lowest positive rate (1.5%). E5 () and I6 () exhibited relatively high sensitization rates (8.64% and 12.35%, respectively). Allergen sensitization was significantly higher in men than in women. Moreover, 90.3% of sensitization samples from D1 were combined with at least one of the other eight allergens. Similarly, a positive correlation was demonstrated between D1, D2, and E1 (). In addition, patients with allergic rhinitis (91.88% and 91.54%, respectively), allergic asthma (72.44% and 74.01%, respectively), and allergic rhinitis with asthma (92.12% and 93.22%, respectively) were mainly sensitized to D1 and D2. D1, D2, I6, and E5 are the main allergens. Moreover, D1 and D2 are the main allergens in patients with respiratory allergic diseases. Research focusing on the distribution of allergens and the characteristics of hypersensitivity in different people helps prevent, diagnose, and treat allergic diseases.

The epidemiology of atopic eczema in adolescents in Kosovo is virtually unknown, and the risk factors for the condition in very low-prevalence areas (as it was the case) are not well studied. The objective of the present study was to better know those factors and whether the presence of comorbid wheezing symptoms modifies the factors.

Kidney impairment resulting from psoriasis constitutes a serious complication, affecting the overall well-being of patients and necessitating a thorough comprehension for efficient management. Guanylate-binding protein 5 (GBP5) is known to play a role in inflammatory responses, but its function in psoriasis remains unclear and warrants investigation in.

Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases among children, markedly impairing patient's health and imposing an increasing burden on the healthcare system. Several traditional Chinese medicines have demonstrated efficacy in alleviating asthma symptoms through studies conducted on animal models. Recent studies have shown that the Yunpi Xiefei Huatan Tang decoction (YPD) exhibits significant therapeutic outcomes in treating phlegm-obstructed pulmonary asthma. However, the precise regulatory effects of YPD on the progression of asthma require additional investigation.

Respiratory diseases in children are common health problems that significantly impact their quality of life and health status, and this has its own unique challenges compared to adults. A growing body of research has focused on epigenetic mechanisms that relate with the development of various diseases, such as pediatric respiratory diseases. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially long noncoding RNAs, microRNA, and circular RNA, are reported to play a regulatory role in pediatric respiratory diseases whose mutations or aberrant expressions are strongly associated with the development of these diseases. In this review, we mainly discussed the functions of these three ncRNAs in pediatric respiratory diseases.

In coronary microembolization, inflammatory cell infiltration, patchy necrosis, and extensive intra-myocardial hemorrhage are dominant, which induce myocardial dysfunction with clinical symptoms of chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy. Microembolization can lead to obstruction of the coronary microvessels and result in the micro-infarction of the heart. The inflammation and elevated expression of the tumor necrosis factor in cardiomyocytes and the activation of extracellular ERK are involved in initiating the inflammatory response mechanism. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is the enriched pathway, and for controlling, inhibition of PI3K/Akt is necessary. Furthermore, the release of cytokines and the activation of inflammasomes contribute to the enhancement of vascular permeability, which results in edema within the myocardium. The immune response and inflammation represent the primary triggers in this process. The ability to control immune response and inflammation reactions may lead to the development of new therapies for microembolization.

A patient was presented with a history of idiopathic recurrent anaphylaxis after administration of Pfizer BioNTech mRNA vaccine, and the attacks were controlled with omalizumab. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of recurrent idiopathic anaphylaxis (IA) after administration of Pfizer BioNTech mRNA vaccine.

Despite the presence of robust evidence, there is very limited data on the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) for selected patients. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and perceived satisfaction of a 3-year course of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in a paediatric population with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma.

This study investigates the effect of electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage combined with local administration of budesonide on the efficacy of treating pneumonia (MPP) in children. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 100 children with MPP treated at our hospital from April 2022 to April 2024. The patients were divided into an experimental group (50 cases) and a control group (50 cases) based to the treatment method. Both groups received routine treatment, however, the control group was treated with electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage alone, while the experimental group received electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage combined with local administration of budesonide. The efficacy of the two treatments was compared. The experimental group showed a significantly higher overall effective rate than the control group (<0.05). After treatment, the time for cough relief, lung rales resolution, fever reduction, and hospital stay were significantly shorter in the experimental group compared to the control group (<0.05). One week after treatment, the levels of tidal volume, vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (<0.05). Post-treatment levels of WBC and CRP were lower in the experimental group than in the control group (<0.05). Additionally, the incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower than in the control group (<0.05). Electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage combined with local administration of budesonide improves the efficacy of treatment for children with MPP, enhances clinical indicators, reduces inflammation levels, and has high safety, making it worthy of clinical promotion.

Respiratory infections in children, ranging from mild to severe, are a leading cause of school absences and medical visits, creating significant socio-economic burdens for families. Recent interest has focused on resveratrol, a natural polyphenol known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. When combined with carboxymethyl-β-glucan (CM-glucan), a modified polysaccharide with immunostimulatory effects, this formulation has shown potential benefits in managing respiratory diseases.Our research examines five randomized clinical trials investigating the efficacy of resveratrol and CM-glucan nasal solutions in children. The trials included children with recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) and allergic rhinitis. The results demonstrate significant reductions in key respiratory symptoms, including nasal congestion, sneezing, coughing, and fever. In addition to symptomatic relief, the treatment was associated with fewer medical visits, decreased medication use, and reduced school absences. Importantly, the combination also showed efficacy in decreasing wheezing episodes in non-atopic children with RRIs and improving symptoms of allergic rhinitis. While these findings are promising, the studies are limited by small sample sizes and short-term follow-up periods, raising questions about the long-term efficacy and safety of the treatment. Mild and transient nasal irritation was the only reported side effect. Based on these concepts, the combination of resveratrol and carboxymethyl-β-glucan could be considered a valuable add-on strategy, complementing standard pharmacological treatments for pediatric respiratory infections and allergic conditions.

Hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine is rare in children. The usefulness of different diagnostic tests for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is unknown.

The role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to food as potential triggering factors in allergic disorders continues to be debatable, and is not endorsed by most allergy societies.

Allergic rhinitis (AR), a type of chronic inflammatory disease that exists in the nasal mucosa, significantly impacts the quality of life. gene encodes an RNA helicase belonging to the DEAD-box protein family and is part of the DDX3 subfamily that affects the progression of multiple diseases. However, the specific role and mechanisms of in AR remain unclear. This study investigates the effects of knockdown on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AR in mice. We found that is highly expressed in the nasal mucosa of AR mice. Knockdown of in OVA-induced AR mice significantly alleviated nasal manifestations, reduced immunoglobulin E and histamine levels, and improved nasal mucosal histopathology. Additionally, knockdown of suppressed secretion of inflammatory factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation, thereby mitigating local inflammatory responses. These findings suggested that targeting could offer a novel therapeutic strategy for managing AR by modulating the NF-κB pathway.

ACT001 is a potent anti-inflammatory small-molecule drug. However, the single cell and spatial molecular basis of pyroptosis and whether ACT001 exerts a therapeutic effect by preventing pyroptosis on acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear.