The phytochemical profile of various plant species reveals that some compounds possess notable antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In this study we investigated for the first time, the antioxidant activity (FRAP, DPPH and TAC), total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents of Delile ex Godr flowers extracts (-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) as well as their antimicrobial activity. The results obtained showed that the methanol extract contained the highest content of total phenolics (346.7 mg GAE/g DE) and flavonoids (339.9 mg QE/g) as it exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. Furthermore flower extracts have been tested for their activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and an interesting activity was obtained with methanol extract (MICs = 31.25 µg.mL). The chemical composition of methanol extract was investigated using a high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS). Therefore, 28 compounds were detected among them 18 were identified as flavonoids, phenolic acids and fatty acids.

Propolis, a natural product with remarkable therapeutic potential, has gained attention for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, propolis samples from Sarıyaprak, Kovanağzı, and Çemikari in Pervari, Siirt province, were analysed comprehensively. The evaluation included wax composition, DPPH and FRAP assays, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and pollen analysis. Phytochemical compounds were identified using GC-MS and LC-MS/MS techniques. Among the regions, Çemikari samples exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and phenolic and flavonoid contents, with wax content averaging 60% across all locations. Key compounds identified RSH-GC/MS included -pinene, -pinene, nonadecanal, and nonanal, while GC-MS revealed borneol, sedrenol, and benzyl alcohol. Significant phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, caffeic acid, and tannic acid (reported for the first time in Turkish propolis) were also detected. The high borneol concentration, with its strong anti-inflammatory properties, underscores the unique traits of these samples and their promising antioxidant potential for further research.

A new hydrindane derivative, asperhydrindane A (), along with two known sterol analogues [isocyathisterol () and ganodermasides D ()] were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus GXIMD 03158 attaching to the mangrove L. The structure of was elucidated based on extensive spectral analysis, HRESIMS, and calculated ECD methods. All compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity. The result showed that only compound exhibited significant antibacterial activity against , , and with MIC values of 6.25, 3.12, and 1.56 μg/mL, respectively.

Powdered germinated Thai rice () is widely utilised as a dietary supplement to support health and prevent diseases. This study investigated the bioactive compound profile of water extracts from beverage powder made from Thai germinated brown rice (GBRE) and assessed its anticancer effects on cholangiocarcinoma, lung cancer, and liver cancer cell lines. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) revealed 23 metabolites, including amino acids, sugar, phenolic compounds and nitrogenous compounds. Additionally, GBRE exhibited anticancer properties by effectively inhibiting cancer cell growth, inducing cell cycle arrest, and reducing cell migration. Our findings highlight the nutritional benefits and anticancer potential of germinated brown rice powder in impeding cancer cell progression. This study demonstrates the nutritional benefits and anticancer effects of germinated brown rice powder in inhibiting cancer cell progression. Incorporating germinated brown rice powder for a nutraceutical supplement can be served as a potential strategy for cancer prevention or therapeutic intervention.

Five previously unreported 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) derivatives, including chinenfurfurals A () and B () as 5-HMF-citric acid hybrids and chinenfurfurals C-E (-) as 5-HMF oligomers, as well as four known analogues (-), were isolated from the fruits of a well-known Chinese herbal species . The structures of these furfural compounds were established by detailed analyses of spectroscopic data especially HRMS and NMR, and it is the first report of furfural type constituents from the title species. The anti-inflammatory property of them was further evaluated by testing their inhibition against the production of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-activated murine RAW264.7 macrophages, and compound showed moderate activity with an IC of 41.2 µM. In addition, compound also suppressed the expression of two inflammation-related proteins, namely, inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2.

Two new abietane diterpenoids ( and ) and two known analogs ( and ) were isolated from the whole plants of . Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, NMR, and HRESIMS). Moreover, all compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against U251 glioblastoma cells. Notably, compounds exhibited potential cytotoxic activities with IC values ranging from 19.81 to 81.49 μM. In addition, their stabilities were checked by HPLC in the preservation conditions and in the cell lines medium. The result showed that they were relatively stable in the preservation conditions, except for , but that they were decomposed in the incubation process. Finally, the most possible structures of impurities , and were deduced by spectroscopic methods (UV, HRESIMS and MS/MS). This work provides potential insights for the development of abietane diterpenoids as candidate drugs for the treatment of glioma.

, also known as Salaparni, is an endangered medicinal herb from the Leguminosae family and Fabaceae sub-family. This plant is an essential component of Laghupanchamoola and the broader Dashamoola formulations in Ayurvedic medicine, where it is considered a premier medicinal herb. Globally, researchers have investigated the plant for its rich variety of bioactive compounds, including Gangetinoid, Gangetinin, -tryptamine, Kaempferol, and Quercetin. exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, wound healing, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticancer, antidiarrheal, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, antiamoebic, hepatoprotective, nematocidal, and cardio-protective properties. It is employed in the treatment of various health issues including hypertension, diabetes, malaria, and asthma. This review seeks to summarise the chemical profiling and therapeutic potential of .

Gliomas are tumours that affect the nervous system, with glioblastoma, also known as grade IV astrocytoma, being the most aggressive type, associated with poor prognosis. Glioblastoma is characterised by its highly invasive nature, rapid growth, and resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiation treatments, resulting in a median survival of about 14 months. To improve patient outcomes, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Targeting SUMOylation, a post-translational modification involving the attachment of Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) proteins to lysine residues in target proteins, is emerging as a promising strategy. SUMOylation regulates various biological processes, including the cell cycle, apoptosis, and senescence. Dysregulation of this pathway has been linked to glioblastoma tumorigenesis, as well as the invasion and proliferation of glioblastoma cells. Therefore, focusing on the SUMOylation pathway offers the potential for developing innovative therapeutic strategies, including the use of natural compounds as adjuvant therapies, to address glioblastoma more effectively.

Linn., commonly known as the 'Tree of Sadness' belongs to Oleaceae family. In Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani, and Homeopathic therapeutic systems, it has been used to treat various conditions, including ulcers, skin diseases, hair loss, piles, liver diseases, rheumatism, and malarial fevers. Anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and wound healing actions of extracts from Linn. have been verified by researchers. Alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, sterols, triterpenes, saponins, and glycosides are the bioactive components found in the plant. This review compiles scientific data from various sources, including Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, to provide a comprehensive overview of Linn. It focuses on the plant's pharmacological activities, phytochemical properties, phytoformulation, toxicological aspects, and ethnomedicinal uses, summarising worldwide studies. Future research on Linn. should focus on isolating and characterising bioactive compounds, understanding their mechanisms, conducting toxicological assessments for safety, and exploring synergistic effects with other drugs.

The herbal extracts of four traditional plants; namely leaves, fruits leaves, and seeds, were identified for their main constituents using UHPLC/QTOF-MS/MS. Then, a pharmacology-based analysis and molecular docking verification were established targeting the evaluation of each individual herbal extract for their antidiabetic/anti-obesity potential besides their safety. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were used to evaluate antiobesity and insulinotropic effects against insulin (10 U/Kg, IP) and metformin (100 mg/Kg, per oral) as standard regimens. Levels of insulin and fasting blood glucose as well as body weight were assessed, together with certain histopathological, hematological, and biochemical parameters to establish safety profiles. The four herbal extracts exhibited an increase in insulin secretion , which is confirmed by docking studies. The herbal extracts (100 mg/kg per oral, daily) demonstrated a significant weight decrease. Each individual herbal extract markedly improved the streptozotocin-induced indices alterations.

Four novel arecoline alkaloid atropisomers, arechuines A-D (-), were obtained from the peels of L. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, MS and NMR spectra. The absolute configurations of (+)/(-)- were determined by comparing the experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Compounds - were evaluated for their neuroprotective effects in glutamate-induced HT22 cell and revealed potent neuroprotective effects at 10 μM. These are the first reported arecoline alkaloid atropisomers isolated from

, a high-altitude medicinal herb, possesses diverse therapeutic properties. This study conducted a comprehensive phytochemical analysis of the whole plant, leading to the isolation of 15 secondary metabolites (1-15) across various classes: flavonoids (), triterpenoids (, ), sesquiterpenoid lactones (, ) and furanocoumarins (, ) along with three steroids (). These compounds were characterized using NMR (HNMR,C NMR, 2D NMR), IR, HRMS and UV-VIS. All were reported for the first time from this plant, with compound 10 being a novel natural product. In-vitro antitumor activity was evaluated against lung (A549), colon (HCT116), prostate (PC3) and breast (T47D) cancer cell lines. Compounds , , , , and  demonstrated significant antitumor activity, with compounds , and exhibiting IC values 8 and 28 µM. In silico molecular docking and ADMET analysis were conducted to assess pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, revealing strong binding affinities of compounds and particularly with PD-L1, highlighting their potential to target multiple cancer-related pathways. This study concludes that A. laciniata contains potent anticancer phytochemicals that target key proteins involved in cancer development, as demonstrated by MTT assay results.

(L.) R. Br., a plant used in traditional medicine, has underexplored phytochemical and toxicological profiles. This study investigates the metabolite profile of flowers and assesses their toxicity using zebrafish (ZF) embryos. The main active compounds were characterised using metabolomic approaches. ZF embryos were exposed to methanol extract (CEF), -hexane (FHF) and ethyl acetate (FAF) fractions at different concentrations for 96 h. Toxicological effects were assessed including acetylcholinesterase activity, lipid peroxidation, cardiotoxicity, as well as hatching delay, developmental defects and morphological malformations. Phytochemical analysis revealed diverse metabolites, including phytosterols, terpenoids, flavonoids and phenylpropanoids. Verbascoside, a major compound, was isolated from the flowers for the first time. Toxicological assessments showed that CEF and FAF caused various toxic effects, with FAF showing pronounced embryotoxic and teratogenic effects. This study highlights the chemical diversity and potential toxicological risks of , emphasising the need for thorough evaluations of herbal medicines.

An integrated strategy was proposed for the rapid screening of pancreatic lipase inhibitors from (Rehd.) Hand.-Mazz. () leaves based on affinity ultrafiltration, high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOFMS), molecular docking, targeted separation and experimental verification. A total of fifteen target compounds, including five flavonoids, one phenylpropanol glycoside and nine terpenoids, had been screened as pancreatic lipase inhibitors from the ethyl acetate and -butanol fractions of leaves. Among these target compounds, thirteen of them are reported as pancreatic lipase inhibitors for the first time. Hyperin, quercetin-3,4'-diglucoside and peltatoside showed stronger binding abilities with pancreatic lipase with ΔG values -9.9, -10.2 and -9.2 kcal/mol while the IC values were 0.987 ± 0.079, 0.718 ± 0.054 and 0.916 ± 0.069 mmol/L, respectively. The target compounds quercetin-3,4'-diglucoside and peltatoside were separated with purities higher than 98% using macroporous resin and preparative chromatography.

During our efforts to identify biologically active compounds from Red Sea marine invertebrates, a new compound, latrunculin U (), was identified from the Red Sea sponge along with latrunculins A (), B (), and 16--latrunculin B (). The structures of the latrunculins were elucidated based on a combination of comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR analyses and high-resolution mass spectral determinations. The antiproliferative potency of each compound in HeLa cells was evaluated, and they had IC values ranging from 0.31 to 1.64 μM. The antiproliferative activities of the compounds indicated that latrunculins with a 16-membered macrocyclic lactone moiety ( and ) were more potent than those of the 14-membered compounds ( and ), suggesting the importance of the size of the macrolide moiety for optimal activity. All four compounds promoted disruption of the actin cytoskeleton in cells, consistent with the reported actin-disrupting effects of this compound class.

Recently, the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries have aimed to reduce the concentration of EU-approved organic filters in their products by incorporating more natural ingredients. The goal is to find effective SPF boosters from plants while maintaining high protection levels and adhering to ecological and public health standards. This study focuses on developing a sunscreen formulation that replaces the organic filter EHMC (2-ethylhexyl-4-meth-oxycinnamate) with extracts from and/or oil. The new formulation, which includes Ethylhexyltriazone (EHT), Octocrylene (OCR), Diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate (DHHB), and Methylene -benzotriazol-yltetramethylbutylphenol (MBBT), was compared with a control formulation containing EHMC. The results showed that the plant-based combination significantly enhanced the SPF and UVAPF by over 80% and 60%, respectively.

Current study investigates the medicinal applications of (Palash), the state flower of Jharkhand, India, focusing on synthesising biomodified copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) and its antifungal properties. Flavonoid content in the flower extract was quantified by aluminium chloride colorimetric analysis. CuO-NPs were synthesised via co-precipitation method and then modified with methanolic flower extract. Characterization confirmed the properties of these NPs including their high crystallinity, spherical structure and nanoscale size (9-90 nm size). Anti-fungal activity revealed significant inhibition of hyphal growth at concentrations of 100-1000 ppm (76.6% for and 75.05% for ). Statistical and computational analysis confirmed the effectiveness of these NPs by showing strong interactions between the CuO-NPs and fungal proteins.

A new 14-membered cembrane- diterpenoid, jatrophainolide D (), along with six known compounds, ()-phytol (), lupeol (), stigmasterol (), ergosta-4,6,8 (14),22-tetraen-3-one (), stigmast-4-ene-3-one (), and ergosterol peroxide () were isolated from the aerial parts of . The structure of isolates was elucidated by IR, UV, 1D-/2D-NMR, and HRESI-TOFMS data as well as by comparison with the reported spectroscopic data. All isolates were evaluated the antibacterial activity against , , , , , and . Diterpenoids and exhibited antibacterial activity against all reference bacterial strains with MIC values ranging from 128 to 512 µg/mL. Meanwhile, steroids - displayed selective antibacterial activities against the tested strains. These findings suggest that revealed promise for additional comprehensive investigations into plant-derived compounds in the development of antibacterial drugs.

(L.) Jacq. has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, haemostatic and antioxidant effects, but its pharmacological components are still unclear. This study comprehensively identified chemical constituents and absorbed components of by UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS. The column temperature was 35 °C, and the injection volume was 2 μl. The mobile phase using a 0.1% formic acid as phase A and 0.1% formic acid of solution in methanol as phase B was adopted in positive ion mode. And the mobile phase using a 10 mM formic ammonia solution as phase A and 10 mM formic ammonia of solution in 95% methanol as phase B was adopted in negative ion mode. In this study, we identified 25 compounds from the alcoholic extract of , including 11 organic acids, 5 coumarins, 2 flavonoids, 7 alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds. Nine absorbed components were identified from the serum of rats after administration, including adenosine, -hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, dextroquinic acid, shikimic acid, caffeic acid, -hydroxycinnamic acid, chrysin, and umbelliferone. UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS technique can quickly identify the chemical constituents and absorbed components in rat serum of , and provide scientific basis for clarifying the pharmacodynamic material basis and optimising the quality control index of .

Borneol, a compound found in resin-rich plants, is known for its aromatic and therapeutic properties. Widely used in countries, such as China, Japan, and Southeast Asia, borneol has also demonstrated efficacy in nanodrug administration. The primary objective of this study is to understand how borneol induces oxidative stress, its impact on the attraction and repulsion of , and its acute toxicity. Results reveal that borneol acts as a repellent at higher concentrations, reducing the attractiveness of food. Additionally, borneol exhibits notable biochemical effects at specific concentrations, although without significant repellency. This suggests that borneol may be useful in the development of repellents, but further studies are needed to assess its environmental effects and topical applicability.

From the leaves of , fourteen compounds were isolated and identified: D-mannitol (), a mixture of β-sitosterol () and stigmasterol (), α-amyrin (), betulin (), lupeol (), lupenone (), betulinic acid (), taraxerol (), 3β-(E)-coumaroyltaraxerol (), 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol (), ursolic acid (), stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (), and β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (). These compounds were analysed through NMR spectroscopy (both 1D and 2D) and by comparing them to previously published data. Compounds , , , and - have been identified from this species for the first time. Antibacterial activity was assessed, with compound displaying the best efficacy against (MIC: 15.6 μg/mL). Molecular docking of compound led to twenty lead compounds, among which displayed the highest score (-10.1 kcal/mol). Most lead compounds showed better scores compared to Vancomycin (-8.8 kcal/mol). Biovia Discovery Studio analysis reveals lead compounds interacting with CASTp-predicted active pocket amino acids.