Critically ill patients experience cognitive impairment throughout their intensive care unit trajectory, in the acute phase and the long-term alike. Cognitive impairment may negatively impact patients' quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes.

Regional citrate anticoagulation-continuous renal replacement therapy (RCA-CRRT) has a wide range of applications in clinical practice, but unplanned downtime due to RCA-CRRT circuit coagulation is as high as 15.75%-66.70%.

Endotracheal tube suctioning is an effective measure to ensure airway patency during mechanical ventilation; however, inappropriate suction pressure often leads to many adverse effects.

Retinopathy is frequently seen in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and its examination is a painful procedure for infants.

Thirst is a clinical discomfort symptom reported by most patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Little is known about the dynamic change and risk factors of intense thirst in neuro-intensive care unit (Neuro-ICU).

Early mobilization are key components of the ABCDEF Care Bundle and critical treatments to reduce acquired muscle weakness, delirium and prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay.

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic a flexible approach to visiting was adopted by many Intensive Care Units in the United Kingdom. Due to the rapid spread globally of COVID-19, significant policy changes were put in place, including the restriction on visitors to patients in hospital. Evidence has emerged demonstrating the negative impact of these restrictions on patients with COVID-19, their families and the staff caring for them. However, there is limited data about the impact of these restrictions in the non-COVID ICU environment.

Early recognition of sepsis, a common life-threatening condition in intensive care units (ICUs), is beneficial for improving patient outcomes. However, most sepsis prediction models were trained and assessed in the ICU, which might not apply to emergency department (ED) settings.

Nurses face a high level of mental workload while performing their duties. High levels of mental workload can negatively impact nurses.

Feeding intolerance is a common issue in stroke patients who are receiving enteral nutrition, and it has a substantial effect on their recovery and rehabilitation. Understanding the various factors of feeding intolerance in this patient population is vital for improving care and outcomes.

Hyperglycaemia is common in intensive care units (ICUs), with a prevalence of up to 86.2%, increasing mortality. Technology has evolved towards continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and its use in ICUs began especially during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Various studies have evaluated the reliability of CGM, indicating that it is safe for use in critically ill patients.

After acute myocardial infarction, the prevalence of anxiety and depression is quite high in patients because of severe chest pain, distance from relatives, unfamiliar environment and orientation problems.

Education in end-of-life care (EoLC) is essential for improving the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of intensive care nurses.

Family participation in essential care may benefit patients and relatives.

Spiritual care interventions can be an important source of emotional support for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, there is wide variation in the literature and no quantitative assessment to synthesize the results of these studies.

Most children admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) now survive because of improvements in care. Many studies have identified the psychological, functional, cognitive and social impact of PICU admission on a child and their family. However, expert recommendations on follow-up are lacking.

Mechanical ventilation is a widely used treatment modality in cardiac surgery intensive care units (ICUs), especially for patients requiring respiratory support during postoperative management.

Open-heart surgery patients face many problems because of post-sternotomy pain. Care protocols can eliminate pain and pain-related problems by providing holistic care.

Parents of infants admitted to neonatal intensive care require support to minimize the impact on their mental health and to encourage engagement with their infants to support infant neurodevelopment. Many interventions aim to address this need, but there is a lack of research considering the accessibility of these for a multicultural population.