The exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) had therapeutic effects. However, whether the exosomes derived from hypoxia-treated AMSCs could improve renal functions in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice remains unclear.

Hypertension is prevalent in older women and men, but the impact of sex differences is unclear.

Diabetes mellitus is known to provoke devastating anomalies in myocardial structure and function, while effective therapeutic regimen is still lacking. The selective protease inhibitor UCF101 (5-[5-(2-nitrophenyl) furfuryl iodine]-1,3-diphenyl-2-thiobarbituric acid) has been shown to fend off ischemic heart injury, although its impact on diabetic cardiomyopathy remains elusive.

Melanocyte ferroptosis has been proven to contribute to the development of vitiligo. Tanshinone IIA (TSA), a Chinese herbal extract, has been shown to inhibit vitiligo progression. Whether TSA regulates ferroptosis in melanocytes remains unclear.

Eleclazine is a highly selective late sodium current inhibitor, possibly effective in reducing ventricular fibrillation (VF) in heart failure (HF) with ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The electrophysiological effects of eleclazine at therapeutic hypothermia (TH) are unknown. We investigated the effects of eleclazine in suppressing VF in failing rabbit hearts with IR injury undergoing TH.

Depression therapy has been linked to negative effects on energy metabolism, which can be attributed to various factors, including an ongoing inflammatory process commonly seen in metabolic disorders. Unhealthy lifestyle choices of patients and the impact of antidepressants on body weight and lipid and glucose metabolism also contribute to these metabolic side effects. Although not as pronounced as other psychopharmaceuticals, the increasing use of antidepressants raises concerns about their potential impact on public health. The study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term effects of the antidepressant citalopram and its long-term combination with a special diet on metabolic parameters in mice.

Citrus juice has been shown to cause QT prolongation in electrocardiograms of healthy volunteers, and naringenin, a major flavonoid found in citrus juice, has been identified as the potent inhibitor of human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) channels as the cause of QT prolongation. Inhibition of HERG channels and prolongation of QT interval by antipsychotic drugs such as haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and clozapine have also been shown. However, naringenin's effect on HERG channel function in conjunction with antipsychotic medications has not been investigated.

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a severe cardiovascular disease marked by a persistent increase in pulmonary artery resistance and pressure, leading to right ventricular strain, hypertrophy, and eventually right heart failure and death. Despite numerous available targeted therapies, the clinical needs for treating PAH remain unmet. Current treatments primarily aim to dilate pulmonary vessels rather than reverse pulmonary vascular remodeling, failing to offer a fundamental solution for PAH. Therefore, developing new therapies for this condition is urgently required.

In our earlier efforts to establish gut-brain axis during alcohol use disorder (AUD), we have demonstrated that supplementation of C57BL/6J male mice with 8 mg/mL sodium butyrate, a major short-chain fatty acid, in drinking water reduced ethanol intake and neuroinflammatory response in antibiotic (ABX)-enhanced voluntary binge-like alcohol consumption model, drinking in the dark (DID).

Administration of vancomycin dose by continuous infusion (CI) according to population pharmacokinetic (Pop Pk) models is highly recommended in critically ill patients who exhibit pathophysiological changes.

Mast cells are the principal cells involved in acute and chronic colitis due to radiation, known as radiation-induced colitis (RIC). In this study, we investigated whether pretreatment with tranilast, a mast cell inhibitor, could alleviate chronic RIC.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common type of chronic liver disease. Semaglutide is a glucose-lowering drug administered for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is clinically effective in the treatment of NAFLD. X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is related to the pathogenesis of both NAFLD and T2DM. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether the underlying mechanism of semaglutide treatment for NAFLD is via downregulation of the inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease-1α (IRE1α)-XBP1-CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) signaling pathway in macrophages.

Cardiovascular diseases are now the second leading cause of death among cancer patients. Heart injury in patients with terminal cancer can lead to significant deterioration of left ventricular morphology and function. This specific heart condition is known as cancer-induced cardiac cachexia (CICC) and is characterized by cardiac dysfunction and wasting. However, an effective pharmacological treatment for CICC remains elusive.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) has a protective effect on acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, most studies have shown that this protective effect is based on a decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, while other mechanisms remain limited. This study aimed to determine whether PCSK9i can improve the prognosis of ACS patients by protecting endothelial function.

Exposure to potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) can be a notable source of avoidable drug-related harm that requires adequate management to prevent medical errors. We aimed to evaluate pDDIs and associated factors in hospitalized urological patients on admission, during hospitalization, and on discharge.

Cholesterol homeostasis in the human body is a crucial process that involves a delicate balance between dietary cholesterol absorption in the intestine and de novo cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Both pathways contribute significantly to the overall pool of cholesterol in the body, influencing plasma cholesterol levels and impacting cardiovascular health. Elevated absorption of cholesterol in the intestines has a suppressive impact on the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, serving to preserve cholesterol balance. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms driving this phenomenon remain largely unclear.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a very contagious systemic disease dominantly affecting the respiratory tract. Recent findings oppose earlier suggestions that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) might be protective during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, prompting the current study.