The immunopathogenesis of dengue severity remains an enigma. There is a growing body of evidence pointing towards a transient hyperinflammatory hypercytokinemic state responsible for the development of severe dengue including dengue hemorrhagic fever that coincides with the onset of thrombocytopenia, capillary leak, multiorgan dysfunction and hyperferritinemia. There are several reports of dengue associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). However, the cytokine storm in dengue as well as in other infections may not conform to the classic HLH 2004 diagnostic criteria. Following the recent COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a paradigm shift in the understanding of infection-associated cytokine storms. There is a need to explore timely short-course immunotherapy for the management of selected patients with dengue spiraling into the critical phase.

Graduate medical education is pivotal in shaping a physician's professional identity, an aspect that is often overshadowed by the emphasis on clinical skills. This manuscript addresses the critical role of medical educators as role models in developing professional identity among students using the ABC: Authenticity, Behavior, and Commitment. Authenticity demands consistency between personal beliefs and professional actions which fosters trust. Behavior involves consistently displaying professional and ethical conduct and providing a live curriculum that is professional. Commitment signifies a dedication to lifelong learning and patient care, demonstrating resilience and innovation. By embodying these principles, educators can significantly influence students, ensuring they acquire essential clinical skills and adopt core professional values, thereby preparing them for the ethical, interpersonal, and technical challenges in the medical field.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a noninvasive test that provides a comprehensive assessment of the integrative exercise responses by measuring parameters calculated on a breath-by-breath basis. It can provide insight into the fitness level, cause of exercise limitation, and safe parameters for exercise prescription in children 6 years and older. Common indications for CPET include undiagnosed exercise-induced dyspnea, exercise intolerance in pediatric chronic conditions and for monitoring response after therapy/intervention. It can be utilized to assess the overall fitness, pre-operative risk, and prognosis in chronic conditions. CPET is accessible and dependable in pediatrics, yet challenges like a lack of standardized protocols are noted. With continued development and technological advancements in CPET, there is potential for revolutionizing pediatric diagnostic health care.

To compare the incidence of central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSI) with the use of umbilical venous catheters (UVC) or peripherally inserted central cathethers (PICC) as primary vascular access in preterm neonates.

The health and welfare of children and adolescents-the nation's future-must always be a priority. One would, therefore, expect this to be reflected in the manifestos of political parties. This article suggests that pediatricians and the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) should play a more proactive role in influencing political parties to commit to an inclusive manifesto that addresses key issues related to child health and welfare, by also liaisoning and collaborating with other stakeholders, such as parents, educators, and child rights organizations.

There has been an alarming increase in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and it is now the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, in both adult and pediatric populations. The lack of regional guidelines has hampered the formulation of national policies for prevention and management of MASLD in children. Therefore, we formulated recommendations for steatotic liver disease in children.

We report the prevalence of different mutations in the hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB) gene of 133 children with beta-thalassemia and 23 children with sickle cell disease (SCD), most of them belonging to the states of Uttar Pradesh (UP), Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Bihar. IVS 1-5 was the most common mutation (n = 42) followed by CD41/42 (n = 4) and CD8/9 (n = 4). Notably, some mutations like c.47G>A, c.51del and c.123delT not previously reported from UP were found.

We aimed to assess the acceptability of Mobile Direct Observed Therapy (MDOT) amongst the parents/caregivers of children with asthma.

A hospital-based longitudinal observation study was conducted to determine the auxological dynamics of Cephalic Index (CI) and corresponding head shape among 1125 children with Down syndrome. Majority (88% males, 82% females) displayed brachycephaly.

Perfusion index is a simple and easy tool to monitor hemodynamic compromise. This study aims to investigate the correlation between perfusion index and CRIB II score in sick preterm neonates < 37-week gestation admitted to intensive care unit.

To assess the clinical and molecular profile of patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) presenting to a tertiary center in Eastern Region of Uttar Pradesh, India.

To investigate the morbidity due to the mumps epidemic in Navi Mumbai region of Maharashtra during 2023-24 and identify the preventive strategies.