Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is vital for IVF. We have developed an AI system to support the implementation of COS protocols in our clinical group.

Increased oxidative stress (OS), resulting from the delicate balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense, is closely linked to sperm abnormalities and male subfertility. Elevated ROS levels particularly affect sperm quality. The vulnerability of spermatozoa to ROS is due to the absence of DNA repair mechanisms and the high presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their membranes.

This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of edible bird nest (EBN) against the detrimental impact of Wi-Fi on male reproductive health. Specifically, it examines whether EBN can mitigate Wi-Fi-induced changes in male reproductive hormones, estrogen receptors (ER), spermatogenesis, and sperm parameters.

Several studies investigated endometrial patterns, with respect to pregnancy rates following the transfer of embryos but did not distinguish between single- and multiple-blastocyst procedures. We clarified how the endometrial pattern imaged to transfer a frozen embryo is associated with pregnancy outcomes in single-blastocyst frozen-embryo transfer (sbFET).

Time-lapse technology (TLT) has gained widespread adoption worldwide. In addition to facilitating the undisturbed culture of embryos, TLT offers the unique capability of continuously monitoring embryos to detect spatiotemporal changes. Although these observed phenomena play a role in optimal embryo selection/deselection, the clinical advantages of introducing TLT remain unclear. However, manual annotation of embryo perturbation could facilitate a comprehensive assessment of developmental competence. This process requires a thorough understanding of embryo observation and the biological significance associated with developmental dogma and variation. This review elucidates the typical behavior and variation of each phenomenon, exploring their clinical significance and research perspectives.

Spermatogenesis requires a large amount of energy, which is primarily produced by the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. Mitochondrial dysfunction affects male infertility, suggesting a relationship between the electron transfer chain and male infertility. COXFA4L3 (C15ORF48) is an emerging subunit protein of cytochrome oxidase specifically expressed in germ cells during spermatogenesis, and it may be involved in male infertility. Therefore, to investigate whether COXFA4L3 could be a marker of mitochondrial dysfunction in the sperm, this study examined the protein expression and localization profile of COXFA4L3 in the sperm of male patients with infertility.

Numerous efforts have been undertaken to identify biomarkers associated with embryo and oocyte quality to improve the success rate of in vitro fertilization. Metabolomics has gained traction for its ability to detect dynamic biological changes in real time and provide comprehensive metabolite profiles. This review synthesizes the most recent findings on metabolomic analysis of follicular fluid (FF) in clinical conditions leading to infertility, with a focus on the dynamics of energy metabolism and oocyte quality, and discusses future research directions.

Early pregnancy events, including embryo implantation, are critical for maintaining a healthy pregnancy and facilitating childbirth. Despite numerous signaling pathways implicated in establishing early pregnancy, a comprehensive understanding of implantation remains elusive.

To investigate the usefulness of an original dual artificial intelligence (AI) system, in which the first AI system eliminates the background of sliced tomographic blastocyst images, then the second AI system predicts implantation success using three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images of the sequential images and conventional embryo evaluation parameters (CEE) such as maternal age.

Dietary interventions, recommended as a primary approach globally, benefit women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by inducing weight loss and improving clinical symptoms, metabolism, and pregnancy results. However, the impact of diet on PCOS in individuals with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m is unclear. The aim of this review was to offer dietary guidance for these patients.

Recent progress in molecular and signal analyses revealed essential functions of cellular signals including androgen and related growth factors such as Wnt regulators for external genitalia (ExG) development and its pathogenesis. Accumulated data showed their fundamental functions also for erectile tissue (corporal body) development and its abnormalities. The current review focuses on such signals from developmental and functional viewpoints.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12584.].

Mammalian spermatozoa have to be "capacitated" to be fertilization-competent. Capacitation is a collective term for the physiological and biochemical changes in spermatozoa that occur within the female body. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying capacitation have not been fully elucidated.

Immune cells play an important role in the establishment of pregnancy, and abnormalities in the immune system can cause implantation failure and miscarriage.

A 40-year-old Japanese man with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) was found to carry rare variants in a newly identified causative gene for spermatogenic failure. This patient was identified through mutation screening of in 97 men with etiology-unknown isolated NOA.

Non-previa placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is associated with assisted reproductive technology (ART), particularly frozen embryo transfer during hormone replacement therapy (HRC-FET). We especially aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for non-previa PAS in HRC-FET pregnancies.

The purpose of this study is to confirm whether in vitro fertilization (IVF) with spermatozoa from -deficient infertile males ( spermatozoa) can lead to the development of zygotes, which was reported in a previous in vivo study.

To explore whether spermatozoa from AZFc microdeletion patients affect their outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Recently, noninvasive preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (niPGT-A) using cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid has been developed; however, there are few reports on this and the results are inconsistent. This study was conducted to optimize the cultural environment.

The third AI boom, which began in 2010, has been characterized by the rapid evolution and diversification of AI and marked by the development of key technologies such as machine learning and deep learning. AI is revolutionizing the medical field, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, surgical outcomes, and drug production.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) significantly affects women. This study investigated the association between serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and menstrual cycle disorders, and AMH for PCOS in a general cohort of young Japanese women.