The potential oncological benefit of extending the waiting period between neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and surgical resection for rectal cancer is debated.

Patients in rural areas have reduced colonoscopy access, which is critical for colorectal cancer prevention. General surgeons perform most colonoscopies in rural areas. The Surgical Collaborative of Wisconsin's Rural Task Force identified colonoscopy as a high priority initiative due to high volume and lack of quality measure access, both necessary for assessing and improving performance.

Although pain may persist for patients who undergo pelvic exenteration for treatment of locally recurrent rectal cancer, studies exploring patient experience of postoperative pain and its management remains limited.

The use of a watch and wait management strategy following a complete clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer is increasing. However, insights into implementation, treatments, and outcomes, on a United States national level, are limited.

The LIMERIC study has proven that colonoscopy-assisted laparoscopic wedge resection effectively and safely removes benign colonic lesions unsuitable for endoscopic removal, thereby avoiding the need for major surgery.

Among rectal cancer patients treated with Total Neoadjuvant Therapy, it is unclear whether early, post-induction restaging is associated with final tumor response. If so, interim restaging may alter rectal cancer decision-making.

For patients with recurrent diverticulitis, the trigger to proceed to elective sigmoid colectomy is unclear. Current clinical practice guidelines suggest this is an individualized decision between surgeon and patient.

Surgery induces a stress response, causing insulin resistance that may result in postoperative hyperglycemia, which is associated with increased incidence of complications, longer hospitalization, and greater mortality.

Colorectal anastomotic leakage remains one of the most frequent and dreaded postoperative complications following colorectal resection. However, limited research has been conducted on the impact of this complication on quality of life of patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery.

Pouchitis is the commonest complication after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. The protective effect of tryptophan metabolites on the mucosal barrier may be an effective method for treating pouchitis. The role of tryptophan metabolites on pouchitis remained unclear.