To assess the immunogenicity and safety of two-dose regimen of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and explored the potential benefits of additional dose.

Changing population demographics places a premium on optimizing older adult health. Vaccine-preventable diseases represent a substantial clinical and economic burden in older adults (≥65 years).

We aimed to estimate XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19-related hospitalizations and deaths during BA.2.86/JN.1 predominance, among EU/EEA individuals with ≥ 65-years.

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in women. The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for the CC elimination as a public health priority and has urged countries to achieve a 90% vaccine coverage rate of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination among 15-year-old girls by 2030.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a severe infectious disease of the central nervous system. Vaccination with Vero cell culture-derived vaccines may effectively reduce JE incidence.

There was no 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) adult antibody concentration threshold regulatory criterion for licensure - unlike the pediatric indication; consequently, for the adult indication, PCV13 serotype-specific opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) geometric mean titer (GMT) values were immunobridged to the 23-valent plain polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) to infer efficacy against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Subsequently, a double-blind, randomized, controlled PCV13 efficacy trial (CAPiTA) was performed in community-living, older adults to confirm efficacy against vaccine-serotype IPD (VT-IPD) and establish efficacy against vaccine-serotype pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (VT-CAP).

The 13-valent (PCV13) and 10-valent (PCV10) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines missed non-inferiority for certain 7-valent (PCV7) serotypes in immunogenicity trials. This study examines the population-level IPD case trends for these serotypes.

In 2005, the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended routine vaccination against invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by serogroups A, C, W, and Y (MenACWY) for all 11-12-year-olds, as well as 2-10-year-olds at high risk. In 2010, a booster dose was recommended for all 16-year-olds, as well as for high-risk patients every 3-5 years. In 2015, optional (as opposed to routine) vaccination against meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) at the preferred age of 16-18 years was recommended (Category B, later changed to shared clinical decision-making). In 2023, a vaccine (MenABCWY) against the five serogroups primarily responsible for IMD in the U.S. became available.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and other biological agents are being increasingly approved in the last years with very different indications. Their highly heterogeneous immunosuppressive effects, mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics require comprehensive individualized vaccination schedules.

Surveillance on nasopharyngeal carriage in older children would be informative in determining whether a single priming and booster dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) provides durable protection against pneumococcal disease compared with traditional dosing schedules.

It is important to assess healthcare providers (HCPs) knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and preferences towards new pneumococcal vaccines for adults.

Infant immunization programs using pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have reduced the rates of pneumococcal disease through direct vaccine-induced protection in vaccinated children and through indirect protection in non-vaccinated children and adults.

Older adults (OA) are at risk of morbidity and mortality from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a major cause of seasonal acute respiratory illness. The first RSV vaccine for OA (RSVPreF3 OA) was recently launched in Japan. With the already large and growing OA population in Japan, and limited RSV treatments, prevention is key. The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of introducing RSVPreF3 OA for Japanese adults aged ≥60 years.

Since the original COVID-19 vaccines were developed, abundant clinical trial and real-world evidence evaluating the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of COVID-19 vaccines has been collected. Knowledge of the relative benefits and risks of COVID-19 vaccines is essential for building trust within target populations, ensuring they remain effectively and safely protected against an enduring infectious threat.

Annually in France, influenza results in over one million GP consultations, around 20,000 hospitalizations, and approximately 9,000 deaths. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc) for those under 65, which enhances effectiveness avoiding egg-adaptation, compared to egg-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVe).

We conducted a cost-benefit analysis of the pediatric National Immunization Program (NIP) in Italy.

Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is an integral pillar of the public health approach to COVID-19. With the emergence of variants of concern that increase transmissibility and escape from vaccine- or infection-induced protection, vaccines have been developed to more closely match the newly circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains to improve protection. The safety and immunogenicity of multiple authorized messenger RNA (mRNA)-based COVID-19 vaccines targeting the omicron sublineage (BA.1, BA.4/BA.5, and XBB.1.5) have been demonstrated in several clinical trials among adults and children.

Hookworms infect about half a billion people worldwide and are responsible for the loss of more than two billion disability-adjusted life years. Mass drug administration (MDA) is the most popular preventive approach, but it does not prevent reinfection. An effective vaccine would be a major public health tool in hookworm-endemic areas.

In this study, effective antigens of mRNA vaccine were excavated from the perspective of ICD, and ICD subtypes of PRAD were further distinguished to establish an ICD landscape, thereby determining suitable vaccine recipients.

Vaccine-preventable respiratory infections (VPRI) including those caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pose substantial challenges to health and social care systems. In the UK, routine adult respiratory vaccination programs are in place. The objective of this article is to review the current evidence on the impact of four seasonal VPRIs in adults risk group definitions and to explore the strengths and limitations of current recommendations, and to identify evidence gaps for further research.