The College of American Pathologists Hematology and Clinical Microscopy Committee implemented a hemoglobinopathy proficiency testing and education program to monitor and assess the performance of participating laboratories.

To report the isolation and significance of C kroppenstedtii, features of patients with GLM, pathologic findings and mechanism, bacteriologic workup, and optimal treatment.

The co-occurrence of plasma cell neoplasm (PCN) and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) is rare, and their clonal relationship remains unclear.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in various fields, including anatomic pathology, where it offers the potential to significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy, workflow efficiency, and research capabilities.

All member boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties have continuing certification (ie, maintenance of certification) programs. The efficacy of these programs has been questioned and, therefore, warrants study.

Plexiform fibromyxomas are uncommon gastrointestinal neoplasms that have histologic and molecular features that overlap with other gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors and present a diagnostic challenge for surgical pathologists.

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a newly recognized glioma defined by its methylation profile. Understanding of its clinical, histologic, and molecular characteristics continues to evolve.

Complex surgical specimens are associated with complex Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coding.

Digital pathology requires pathologists to assess tissue digitally rather than on an analog microscope, which has been the mainstay tool for tissue assessment for more than a century. The impact of different digital interaction configurations on pathologists' performance is not well understood. This work focuses on the impact of the display window size for diagnostic assessment.

Precise determination of biomarker status is necessary for clinical trial enrollment and endpoint analyses, as well as for optimal treatment determination in real-world practice. However, variabilities may be introduced into this process due to the processing of clinical specimens by different laboratories and assessment by distinct pathologists. Machine learning tools have the potential to minimize inconsistencies, although their use is not presently widespread.

Blasts in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) typically have a primitive myeloid immunophenotype (CD34+CD117+CD13+CD33+HLA-DR+). On rare occasions, blasts were found to be CD34 negative or minimally expressed in a presumptive MDS.

Morphologic evaluation of peripheral blood smears provides valuable information to diagnose and manage a variety of hematologic disorders.

Patients can now immediately review pathology reports via online health portals.

Patients with melanoma can develop second tumors representing either metastases or new primary melanoma. This distinction has profound implications for management. Although clinicopathologic features are often sufficient, molecular assays can support the presence or absence of clonal relatedness in challenging cases. However, the potential for false-positive and false-negative results in this context is not well described.

Fine-needle aspiration is an effective tool for sampling thyroid nodules; its results are classified according to the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC), whose categories define malignancy risks.

Adenocarcinomas are the most common histologic subtype of lung cancer, and exist within a widely divergent clinical, radiologic, molecular, and histologic spectrum. There is a strong association between histologic patterns and prognosis that served as the basis for a recently described grading system. As the study of molecular pathology rapidly evolves, all targetable mutations so far have been found in adenocarcinomas, thus requiring accurate diagnosis and classification for triage of molecular alterations and adequate therapy.

Small biopsies are used for histologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, molecular genetic, and other ancillary studies. Occasionally, this diagnostic tissue is exhausted before molecular testing can be performed.

The current melanoma staging system does not account for 26% of the variance seen in melanoma-specific survival, therefore our ability to predict patient outcome is not fully elucidated. Morphology may be of greater significance than in other solid tumors, with Breslow thickness remaining the strongest prognostic indicator despite being subject to high levels of interobserver variation. The application of convolutional neural networks to whole slide images affords objective morphologic metrics, which may reveal new insights into patient prognosis.