Clinical trials are designed to minimize factors capable of influencing patient outcomes beyond the specific diseases and treatments being studied; however, exclusion of prior cancer (PC) patients could potentially affect the generalizability of study results. We attempted to create a real-world proxy of recent immunotherapy trials in stage III and IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) to understand the relevance of a PC history using the National Cancer Database.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is widely used to predict the effectiveness of PD-(L)1 inhibitors despite its imperfection. Previous studies suggested the utilization of various serum biomarkers; nonetheless, findings are inconclusive because of limited sample sizes or the focus on a single biomarker in many of these studies. This study analyzed multiplex serum biomarkers to explore their predictive ability in a large cohort of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with a PD-L1 inhibitor in a real-world setting.

The objective of our study was to benchmark the incidence and severity of lorlatinib-related weight gain and dyslipidaemia in a real-world context, to guide future therapeutic strategies to mitigate these toxicities.

Obesity and hypercholesterolemia have been associated with better responses to ICIs in NSCLC, while type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been associated with a worse response. However, the association between glucose levels and outcomes remains unknown. This study investigated the impact of mean baseline glucose levels, T2D, dyslipidemia, and obesity on overall survival (OS) in NSCLC patients undergoing ICI therapy.

Cognitive decline is an arising concern in patients who need cranial irradiation. We used the pooled longitudinal individual patient data of two phase III trials: NCT01780675 and PREMER to investigate whether hippocampal avoidance (HA)-PCI is associated with improved self-reported cognitive functioning (SRCF) compared with PCI without increasing brain metastases (BM) development within the HA area.

This systematic review explored the feasibility and impact of interventions using commercial activity monitors to track physical activity and health-related outcomes during lung cancer treatment. Inclusion criteria focused on studies involving commercially available activity trackers that provided monitoring feedback to lung cancer patients. The devices selected were popular models, including Fitbit, Garmin, Apple, Samsung, and Polar. Studies assessing the reliability or validity of these trackers, as well as qualitative studies, protocols, non-English publications, and those featuring non-commercial devices, were excluded. Additionally, studies incorporating physical activity with other interventions (e.g., robotic surgery) were excluded if exercise outcomes could not be analysed independently. Searches were conducted across various electronic databases, including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL Complete®, Science Citation Index, Google Scholar, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and PubMed, covering the period from January 2000 to November 2023. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and the Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials (RoB 2.0) tools. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, utilising commercial wearable technology for monitoring lung cancer patients over an average of 6.3 ± 4.7 weeks. A key limitation of this review was the wide variation in how interventions were implemented across studies. Yet, the interventions significantly improved daily activity levels and intensity, quality of life, psychological impact, and physical function compared to usual care. These monitors show promise in predicting, monitoring, and detecting physical activity, motivating patients, and aiding in recovery. However, limitations exist, and further evidence is needed to confirm their efficacy as primary monitoring tools in lung cancer treatment.

Cystic and cavitary pulmonary lesions (PLs) frequently require histologic confirmation for an accurate diagnosis. Shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (ssRAB) with mobile cone beam computed tomography (mCBCT) offers a minimally invasive alternative to traditional biopsy techniques like CT-guided transthoracic biopsy. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and safety of ssRAB in cystic and cavitary PLs.

Although clinical trials of systemic chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have included both postoperative recurrence and de novo unresectable cases, postoperative recurrence is reported to have a better efficacy and prognosis. However, there are no efficacy data of first-line osimertinib for postoperative recurrence.

Low-dose computed tomography screening reduces lung cancer and overall mortality, but the participation rate remains low. The objective of this study was to develop a decision aid (DA) that addresses the overabundance of healthcare options and barriers to participation in lung cancer screening (LCS) among the general population aged 40-79 years in Korea.

LIPI has been strongly correlated with immunotherapy (IT) outcomes in advanced NSCLC. Limited data is available for upfront chemotherapy (CT) + IT combinations. We aimed to study its prognostic value in 1st-line CT +/- IT +/- antiangiogenics.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearranged (ALK + ) lung cancers often develop ALK-independent resistance mechanisms that reactivate the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway signaling pathway. We therefore evaluated alectinib combined with the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib in metastatic ALK + lung cancer.

For patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC who progress on osimertinib, the clinical benefit of continuing osimertinib with next line platinum pemetrexed chemotherapy remains unknown.

After primary resection of pulmonary carcinoids, the recurrence rate is low (approximately 10 %). However, long-term radiological follow-up is generally recommended due to the risk of late recurrence. This must be weighed against risk of radiation-induced cancer, particularly in young patients.

Lung cancer, a prevalent and deadly malignancy, is classified into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SCLC is further subdivided into four molecular subtypes-SCLC-A, SCLC-N, SCLC-P, and SCLC-I-based on key transcription factor expression.

Previous studies showed opposite effects of NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 on mesothelioma cell survival under hypoxia. Mechanisms underlying these effects are not still clear and this pathway plays a key role in angiogenesis and cancer stem cells (CSCs) self-renewal processes.

BRAF V600E mutations occur in 2-5 % of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The dabrafenib-trametinib (D-T) combination was associated with improved and durable OS in patients in phase II. This study (IFCT-2004 BLaDE study) reported the efficacy of D-T combination in a large retrospective French real-world multicenter cohort of patients with advanced BRAF V600E-mutated NSCLC.

Entrectinib and crizotinib are the only ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor (ROS1) tyrosine kinase inhibitors available for most Asian patients. Their efficacy has neither been compared directly in clinical trials in patients with ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), nor indirectly in Asian populations. Thus, we aimed to provide comparative evidence of the efficacy and safety of entrectinib and crizotinib for Asian patients with advanced or metastatic ROS1-positive NSCLC.

Current percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsies (PTNB) navigation systems present challenges due to additional steps and limitations on the operating environment.

This study aimed to clarify the relationship between preoperative sarcopenia and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) statuses and clinicopathological factors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent surgical resection, and to evaluate short- and long-term outcomes by stratifying groups according to sarcopenia and PNI status as prognostic predictors.

Osimertinib resistance inevitably occurs in EGFR mutated NSCLC. We aimed to identify resistance mechanisms (RM) using paired plasma and tumor samples in patients that progressed on 2nd/3rd line osimertinib.