Hair transplantation (HT) has been reported to be effective for the treatment of female-pattern hair loss (FPHL). Few studies have investigated HT in FPHL.

Botulinum toxin is commonly used for cosmetic enhancements in various applications. However, the pain experienced during the injection process remains a significant concern.

Various treatment modalities are used to treat keloids. However, a comprehensive assessment comparing the effectiveness of these modalities in terms of patient-reported outcomes is warranted.

Omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting immunoglobulin E (IgE), is approved for adults and adolescents (12 years or older) with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) that does not respond to high-dose antihistamines. In Korea, there is limited research on predictive biomarkers for omalizumab response in CSU patients.

Alopecia areata (AA) is characterized by an autoimmune inflammatory response to hair follicles. Several studies have suggested that infection and vaccination can trigger an autoimmune process around hair follicles. Moreover, reports of AA and various other autoimmune diseases have increased since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic became established.

Alopecia areata (AA) is characterized by hair loss on the scalp and body, significantly impacting patients' quality of life based on its severity.

Telogen effluvium (TE) is characterized by diffuse hair loss following stressful events such as childbirth, prolonged surgery or anesthesia, and severe febrile illnesses, as well as intentional or unintentional rapid weight loss. However, literature regarding the relationship between TE and weight loss is limited.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using topical photosensitizers has been widely used worldwide as a therapeutic modality for acne. However, there are no published reports on photodithazine PDT for acne treatment.

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disease with characteristic skin manifestations and possible muscle involvement. Recent advances in classification system to include skin-predominant subtypes, understanding underlying pathogenic mechanisms and the relationship between clinical phenotypes and myositis-specific autoantibodies have led to development of novel therapeutic options. This corresponds with efforts to develop better outcome measures to accurately catch the patients' current disease status and treatment-induced improvements. This report will review the updates in newer treatments and outcome measures of DM, specifically from a dermatologic point of view.

The need for an objective method for measuring skin hydration levels is becoming increasingly important. Various devices with different measuring principles for assessing skin hydration have been developed and are widely used.

Radiofrequency (RF) and intense pulsed light (IPL) have been reported as efficient adjuvant treatment modalities for acne vulgaris.

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is crucial for the development, initiation, and growth of hair follicles (HFs). The Dickkopf-related protein (DKK) gene family encodes secreted proteins modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Studies have reported that DKK1 promotes the regression of HFs and serves as a pathogenic mediator in male pattern baldness. However, the role of DKK2 on human hair growth has not yet been explored.

Excessive growth of keratinocytes is the critical event in the etiology of psoriasis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of psoriatic keratinocyte hyperproliferation is still unclear.

Melasma is a common and chronic pigmentary disorder with complex pathogenesis, and the relationship between melasma and metabolic syndrome remains elusive. Thus, metabolomics might contribute to the early detection of potential metabolic abnormalities in individuals with melasma.

The interest toward the association between atopic dermatitis (AD) and obesity is increasing, yet the possibility of abnormal lipid metabolism has never been investigated before.