Head and neck cancer (HNC) and its treatment can result in permanent changes to a patient's appearance, speaking, eating, and psychosocial well-being. To better assess the impact of the disease on HNC patients, the FACE-Q Head and Neck Cancer Module, a health-related quality-of-life instrument, was developed. The aim of this study was to produce and linguistically validate a Finnish version of the module. The module was translated into Finnish following the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) guidelines. A total of 51 patients who had undergone tumour resection and reconstruction of the oral cavity, tonsil, or tongue area between 2019 and 2021 were approached for a pilot study. They completed the translated module and provided feedback on any linguistic issues. Adjustments were made based on the pilot study comments. The FACE-Q Head and Neck Cancer Module translated well into Finnish. Twenty-one (41%) patients participated in the survey, 12 men (57%) and nine women (43%) with a median age of 66 years (range 48-89 years). The median time since surgery was 3 years (range 1-4 years). Based on the feedback from the pilot study participants, one word was changed, and one question was rewritten. Otherwise, no deficiencies were identified in the language of the module. In summary, this study produced a linguistically valid Finnish version of the FACE-Q Head and Neck Cancer Module, enabling its application in evaluating the health-related quality-of-life among Finnish HNC patients who have undergone reconstructive surgery.

Fronto-orbital remodelling for metopic synostosis is an extensive operation with substantial blood loss, particularly from emissary veins in the glabellar region. One possibility to reduce blood loss may be to stage dissection and cauterise anomalous emissary veins before dissecting in the subperiostal plane.  OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to compare perioperative bleeding using a staged dissection in the glabellar region with the traditional subperiostal dissection technique during surgery for metopic synostosis.

Breast animation is a common postoperative complication of breast reconstruction surgery. This study investigates the factors affecting the onset and degree of animation to suggest an ideal treatment strategy for this complication.

To investigate the anatomical basis and clinical efficiency of the advancement distance in dorsal digital V-Y advancement flap.

This study aims to investigate whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could be used to reveal the status of blood supply of the superficial flap of rat model in the early postoperative stage.

Volar locking plates (VLPs) are increasingly used for distal radius fractures (DRFs), yet their efficacy compared to cast immobilization remains debated. This meta-analysis aimed to compare VLPs versus cast immobilization for DRFs across various follow-up durations. Randomized controlled trials reporting patient-reported functional scores, wrist range of motion (ROM), radiological assessments, and complications were included. Meta-analysis was performed for 6-week, 3-month, 6-month, 12-month, and >12-month follow-ups. Subgroup analysis stratified studies by age group, ≥ 60 years and < 60 years. VLPs showed significantly lower Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores at 6 weeks (p < 0.001), 3 months (p < 0.001), 12 months (p = 0.012), and > 12 months (p < 0.001), and lower PRWE scores at 6 weeks (p < 0.001), 3 months (p = 0.048), and >12 months (p = 0.032). Wrist ROM favored VLPs at 6 weeks (p < 0.05), with higher flexion and supination at 3 months (p = 0.027) and 12 months (p = 0.003). Radiologically, VLPs showed improved parameters at 3- and 12-month follow-up. Overall complications did not significantly differ. Subgroup analysis in patients < 60 years generally supported these findings, while in patients ≥ 60 years, radiological outcomes aligned, yet only lower DASH scores were observed with VLPs at 3 months (p < 0.001). VLPs may offer superior clinical, functional, and radiological outcomes compared to cast immobilization at 3- and 12-month follow-up for patients < 60 years, with comparable safety profiles. For patients ≥ 60 years, VLPs may yield better radiological outcomes at 3- and 12-month follow-up, though clinical benefits remain uncertain.

This study evaluated spring-assisted posterior vault expansion (SA-PVE) in children aged > 2 years with craniosynostosis and signs of high intracranial pressure (ICP).

Toe pulp flap surgery is a viable option for soft tissue defects of the fingertips, effectively addressing patient needs and fingertip characteristics. The preferred anesthesia for lower-extremity surgery includes spinal and regional anesthesia. However, the choice between these methods depends on patient safety and surgical efficacy. In this retrospective study, we aimed to ascertain the optimal anesthetic technique by examining the efficacy, safety, pain control, and potential side effects of spinal and peripheral nerve block anesthetics. We included 40 patients aged 18-60 years who underwent partial second toe pulp free flap surgery for fingertip reconstruction. Twenty patients received spinal anesthesia (SA), while the remaining 20 received peripheral nerve block anesthesia. We conducted a comparative analysis of postoperative pain scores, adverse effects, analgesic usage, and patient satisfaction scores associated with each anesthesia method. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-squared test were performed. The SA group exhibited hypotension, bradycardia, urinary retention, and postdural puncture headache rates of 10%, 10%, 5%, and 5%, respectively. A significant difference in the timing of first analgesic use was observed (spinal, 3.7 ± 0.8 vs. peripheral nerve block, 13.2 ± 6.6; P = 0.006). Visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the patients at the 2nd, 4th, and 6th h were significantly lower in the peripheral nerve block group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). VAS scores at 12 and 24 h were similar between the groups (P = 0.07, P = 0.135, respectively). Peripheral nerve block anesthesia is superior to SA for partial second toe pulp free flap surgery, offering lower complication rates, reduced postoperative pain, and improved patient comfort.

Exploring the therapeutic effects of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy four-corner arthrodesis concentrator (NT-FCAC) in treating scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) and providing a decade-long follow-up report.

The main objective of the current study is to investigate variations in postoperative outcomes that follow digital nerve repair in Zone 1 and Zone 2, respectively. We hope that by carrying out this investigation, we will be able to identify which zone has better sensation recovery and patient-reported outcomes, allowing us to identify the best way of conducting surgery for specific types of injuries.

Breast hypertrophy seems to be a risk factor for breast cancer and the amount and characteristics of breast adipose tissue may play important roles. The main aim of this study was to investigate associations between breast volume in normal weight women and hypertrophic adipose tissue and inflammation.

Standard volar plates often do not fit the surface of the malunited distal radius after osteotomy, necessitating an offset angle for accurate volar tilt correction. The correction can be achieved if the plate is held at the correct angle when the distal screws are locked. With the advantage of 3D surgical planning and patient-specific instruments, we developed a shim instrument to assist the surgeon in securing the plate at the intended angle when locking the distal screws, and evaluated radiological results. Five female patients aged 63-74 with dorsally angulated extra-articular malunions underwent surgery using 3D-printed guides and the shim instrument. The plate position, drilling guide alignment, screw placements, and distal radius correction on postoperative CTs were compared with the surgical plans. Errors were measured using an anatomical coordinate system, and standard 2D radiographic measures were extracted. Preoperative dorsal tilt ranged from 16° to 35°, and postoperative volar tilt from 1° to 11°. 3D analysis revealed mean absolute correction errors of 6.1° in volar tilt, 1.6° in radial inclination, and 0.6 mm in ulnar variance. The volar tilt error due to the shim instrument, indicated by the mean angle error of the distal screws to the plate, was 2.1° but varied across the five patients. Settling of the distal radius, due to tension during and after reduction, further contributed to a mean loss of 3.5° in volar tilt. The shim instrument helped with securing plates at the intended angle; however, further correction improvements should consider the tension between the fragments of osteoporotic bone.

For preference sensitive treatments, such as breast reconstructions, there are barriers to conducting randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The primary aims of this systematic review were to investigate what type of research questions are explored by RCTs in breast reconstruction, where have they been performed and where have they been published, and to thematise the research questions and thus create an overview of the state of the research field.

Radiotherapy is important in breast cancer treatment. A side effect of the treatment is fibrosis that decreases the possibility for a successful breast reconstruction with expanders and with high patient satisfaction with the result. The most common option for mastectomized, irradiated women wishing for a breast reconstruction is autologous tissue transplantation. However, some patients are not suitable for flap surgery. Fifty mastectomized and irradiated women were included in a randomized controlled trial. They underwent breast reconstruction with expanders and were allocated 1:1 to either receive pre-treatment with autologous fat transplantation (AFT) or not. Primary outcomes were frequency of reoperations and complications. Secondary outcomes were number of days in hospital, number of outpatient visits to surgeon or nurse and patient reported outcome as reported with Breast Q. Follow-up time was 2 years. Fifty-two per cent of the intervention group and 68% of the controls underwent reoperations (p = 0.611). Thirty-two per cent of the intervention group and 52% of the controls had complications (p = 0.347). The median number of consultations with the nurse was four in the intervention group and six in the control group (p = 0.002). The AFT patients were significantly more satisfied with their breasts and psychosocial well-being after 2 years. They also had higher increase in satisfaction with breasts, psychosocial well-being, and sexual well-being when comparing baseline with 2 years postoperatively. This randomized controlled trial indicates benefits of AFT prior to breast reconstruction with expanders, especially on patient reported outcome even if the study sample is small.

The purpose of this article is to introduce a method that combines limited debridement and ReCell® autologous cell regeneration techniques for the treatment of deep second-degree burn wounds.

Four-corner arthrodesis with scaphoid excision (FCA) and proximal row carpal resection (PRC) are frequently performed in wrists with post-traumatic Scaphoid Non- Union Advanced Collapse (SNAC)/Scapho-Lunate Advanced Collapse (SLAC) osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of these two procedures.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical, patient rated and radiological outcome of the scaphoid trapezium pyrocarbon implant (STPI) at a minimum of three years follow-up.

Facial fat grafting is a popular cosmetic procedure, and experts are increasingly endorsing the use of high-density fat with adipose stem cell glue for better results. This study aims to explore the effect of high-density fat combined with adipose stem cell glue on the success rate of facial filling and its clinical value. We conducted a randomized trial with 100 patients who underwent facial fat transplantation between August 2020 and August 2022. They were divided into two groups: a control group receiving traditional Coleman fat transplantation and an observation group receiving high-density fat with adipose stem cells. In the observation and control groups, the excellent and good rate was 98.00 and 80.00%. After 3 months of treatment, the thickness of frontal subcutaneous fat and temporal subcutaneous fat in the observation group was higher (P < 0.05). Observation group retention of fat transplantation was noticeably higher 3 months after treatment (P < 0.05). Three months after treatment, the VISIA (facial imaging system) scores of facial color spots, facial pores and facial wrinkles in the observation group were lower (P < 0.05). After treatment, both groups indicated noticeable improvements in physiological functions, health status, social function, mental health, and somatic diseases compared to before treatment. Notably, the observation group had higher scores (P < 0.05). The observation group had a lower complication rate (4.00% vs. 22.00%) and higher satisfaction rate (98.00% vs. 86.00%) than the control group. Using high-density fat combined with adipose stem cell glue for facial fat grafting yields superior results, reduces complications, and boosts patient satisfaction compared to traditional methods. We have complied with all relevant ethical regulations with regard to the use of stem cells.

To investigate surgical treatment, postoperative rehabilitation and prevention of heterotopic ossification (HO) in patients with post-traumatic elbow stiffness.

This review was performed to systematically compare the effectiveness and safety of the first dorsal metacarpal artery flaps (FDMAF) and reverse homodigital dorsal flaps (RHDF) for thumb reconstruction.

Median nerve injuries occur in approximately 3% of pediatric elbow fracture dislocations. These rare injuries can be difficult to diagnose, and the results are poor in delay cases. Surgical timing is one of the most important prognostic factors. We aimed to present three patients with median nerve palsy who were referred to our clinic late, and according to these cases, we emphasized the expected time frame for exploration based on our anatomical cadaver study.