Aneurysms of the left main coronary artery are rare clinical entities with an incidence of 0.1%. We herein report a case of left main trifurcation aneurysm in a 57-year-old woman whose coronary angiography demonstrated a giant saccular aneurysm of trifurcation of the left main coronary artery, measuring 32 × 21 mm with tight post-aneurysmal stenosis in the intermediate artery. The patient underwent coronary artery bypass grafting following the resection of CAA and reconstruction with saphenous vein roof-plasty, which ensured the preservation of the native coronary vasculature. At the 6-month follow-up, she remained asymptomatic and preserved preoperative left ventricular function.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between CPB factors and changes in TH levels in postoperative patients and the effect of oral levothyroxine sodium tablets on outcomes in patients with postoperative TF abnormalities.

Type A acute aortic dissection, an aggressive and highly fatal disease, is particularly common among pregnant women and foetuses. This disease often occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy and the postpartum period.

In recent years, during the decannulation process for veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO), methods for suturing the femoral artery have included the pre- and post-closure techniques. The safety and efficacy of the pre-closure technique are widely recognised; however, reports on the post-closure technique are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the post-closure technique using ProGlide (Abbott Healthcare, Green Oaks, IL, USA) device during VA-ECMO decannulation.

This study aimed to identify characteristics associated with survival during and post Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) therapy, in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Azithromycin and methylprednisolone are two medications that are commonly used in patients who require ECMO support. Unfortunately, ECMO support can decrease drug concentrations through adsorption to circuit components. Such interactions have not been well described for either azithromycin or methylprednisolone. This study determined the extraction of these medications by ECMO circuits in an system.

Post-infarct ventricular septal defect (VSD) carries high mortality. Since emergent repair of post-infarct VSD is challenging, hemodynamic stabilization utilizing temporary mechanical circulatory support crucially provides time to delay intervention and allows necessary scar tissue formation which improves the fragility of myocardium and leads to a definitive repair. To date, there remains no standard for achieving hemodynamic stability, including usage and mode of temporary mechanical circulatory support. We describe a patient with acute post-infarct VSD in cardiogenic shock successfully supported with Impella 5.5 for 67 days as a bridge to surgical repair and coronary artery bypass grafting.

Bleeding after cardiac surgeries holds risk of mortality and morbidity in pediatrics. This systematic review aimed to evaluate postoperative blood loss and blood transfusion requirements for pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) priming.

Pump Controlled Retrograde Trial Off (PCRTO) is a relatively new technique in trialing-off Veno-Arterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO). Literature on the use of PCRTO in children remains scarce. We describe our centre's initial experience with PCRTO in a neonate and an older child and review its potential advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional weaning methods. More research and shared best practices are required in children to facilitate wider adoption of this technique.

The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of four obesity indicators, including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) on prediction for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Chinese Han population.

ECMO plays a crucial role in treating severe respiratory and cardiac failure in pediatric patients. However, its impact on the regulation of erythropoietin (EPO) and erythropoiesis remains poorly understood. Factors such as improved oxygenation, inflammation, and hemodilution associated with ECMO treatment may influence EPO production and erythropoiesis. This study aimed to examine the effects of ECMO on EPO regulation and erythropoiesis in pediatric patients.

Despite technological advances, the use of homologous blood to prime the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits of infants under 10 kg remains common. However, such rapid massive transfusion may increase post-CPB morbidity.

Cardiotomy suction blood is used in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery to maintain blood volume in the CPB system, although it is known to contain micro emboli, cytokines and free plasma hemoglobin. Our aim was to investigate whether cell saver washing the cardiotomy suction blood before re-transfusing it is safe.

The impact of non heparin-induced thrombocytopenia on the clinical outcomes for pediatric cardiac surgery patients who required veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane support (VA-ECMO) for failure to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between thrombocytopenia and prognosis in these patients.

Aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly that increases the risk of aortic dissection (AD). Although several treatment options for cases of AD with ARSA have been proposed, such as traditional surgery, thoracic endovascular aortic repair, and a hybrid procedure, a consensus regarding the optimal treatment strategy has not yet been established. And there are no reported cases of pseudoaneurysm combined with ARSA.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has revolutionized the treatment of severe aortic stenosis in high-risk patients, offering a minimally invasive alternative to open-heart surgery. However, complications such as hemodynamic instability may require mechanical circulatory support. In some cases, emergent cardiac surgery may be required, necessitating a swift transition to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We modified the CPB circuit allowing for circulatory support and easy transition to CPB. No bleeding or vascular complications were observed. The modified CPB circuit minimizes hemodynamic disruptions and allows for postoperative ECMO support.

In cardiac surgery, precision and efficiency are crucial, especially in managing venous drainage flows during complex procedures. This practical technique evaluates the benefits of placing the proximal junction on the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) side rather than on the surgical table in bicaval cannulation. Bicaval cannulation, involving both the superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC), ensures efficient venous return. Placing the junction on the CPB side allows for accurate, real-time control of venous drainage, allowing for swift responses to fluctuations and maintaining stable hemodynamics. This approach could minimize the risk of congestion in the liver, splanchnic system, and cerebral venous return, thereby preventing related complications. Another important potential benefit of this approach could be the ability to closely monitor and manage metabolic demands and oxygen consumption for SVC and IVC. Additionally, EmTec flow technology can be integrated for more precise management.

This study aimed to characterize the severity of bleeding and its association with short-term neurologic outcomes in pediatric ECMO.

This meta-analysis aimed to compare survival outcomes among patients experiencing improvement in untreated significant mitral regurgitation (MR) following surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe aortic stenosis, in contrast to those without improvement.

Despite its name, lupus anticoagulant (LAC) neither exclusively occurs in lupus nor induces anticoagulation. It is an antiphospholipid antibody found in 2%-4% of the population that promotes clot formation by targeting phospholipid-protein complexes in cell membranes. However, in vitro, LAC exhibits paradoxical effects, prolonging clotting times in phospholipid-dependent assays such as Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT). This unpredictability extends to point-of-care tests like Activated Clotting Time (ACT), which are frequently used to monitor anticoagulation during cardiac surgeries involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). High doses of unfractionated heparin (UFH) are administered in these procedures, but the presence of LAC complicates ACT measurements, creating challenges for both anesthesiologists and surgeons. This case report highlights the clinical implications of LAC in perioperative management, underscoring the difficulties in ensuring adequate anticoagulation during CPB.

The interaction between primary left ventricular output and Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation (VA ECMO) flow may impede the perfusion of aortic vessels with hyperoxic blood, leading to differential oxygenation. ECMO return cannula design significantly influences the perfusion level of blood supplied via ECMO. This study aimed to investigate the impact of various cannula designs (side hole number) on intravascular flow patterns under different blood perfusion conditions.