The Bosniak classification is designed to standardize evaluation of cystic renal masses and to communicate the risk of malignancy.

Hyperperfusion is related to vessel recanalization, tissue reperfusion, and collateral circulation. To determine the prognostic impact of hyperperfusion after an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) identified by arterial spin labeling (ASL) cerebral blood flow. Studies published in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Studies assessing the diagnostic performance of ASL hyperperfusion after AIS were included. Functional prognosis, hemorrhagic transformation (HT), infarction volume, and penumbra salvage volume were evaluated. The standardized mean difference or risk ratio was pooled, implementing a random effect model. Multiple subgroup analyses were performed. Seven studies including 617 participants were included in this meta-analysis. ASL hyperperfusion in AIS was correlated well with symptom severity and outcome after 24 h National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Earlier ASL hyperperfusion was associated with a smaller infarction volume and a larger penumbra salvage volume, while also indicating a higher risk of HT. In addition, in subgroup analysis, our results demonstrated that thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy treatment, early improvement of NIHSS, and involving infarction in cortical territory are associated with ASL hyperperfusion. ASL hyperperfusion was related to a favorable functional outcome but an increased risk of HT. Stroke patients with hyperperfusion showed smaller infarction volume and larger penumbra salvage volume than those with non-hyperperfusion.

Cesarean hysterectomy in the placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) remains challenging due to difficulty in controlling perioperative bleeding.

Bisphosphonate-associated stress fractures, atypical femur fractures (AFF), are a rare subgroup of femoral stress fractures. Their correct and early diagnosis is imperative for appropriate treatment.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) refers to a sudden loss of blood flow in a region of the brain, which leads to a loss of neurological function.

Hip joint (HJ) pain, which may be caused by lumbar disease, is a common complaint.

In children and young adults, tumors in the chest and thoracic wall exhibit a wide variety of types, making it challenging to differentiate between benign and malignant cases before invasive histopathological examination.

Segmentation of the cochlea in temporal bone computed tomography (CT) is the basis for image-guided otologic surgery. Manual segmentation is time-consuming and laborious.

The comparative diagnostic performance of Gallium (Ga)-PSMA-11 PET/CT and Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI in detecting bone metastases in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear.

Piriformis syndrome, an often-overlooked cause of sciatica, commonly presents as chronic gluteal pain and poses a diagnostic challenge, particularly in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).

Non-invasive approach other than conventional endoscopy could be effectively used for screening and monitoring esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB).

Computed tomography (CT) is the most common way to evaluate focal organizing pneumonia (FOP); however, sometimes it is difficult to differentiate FOP and peripheral lung carcinoma (PLC).

Preoperative identification of T-box pituitary transcription factor 19 (TPIT) lineage silent adenomas in non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) is important.

The wide variability in thresholds on computed tomography (CT) perfusion parametric maps has led to controversy in the stroke imaging community about the most accurate measurement of core infarction.

Early detection of changes in lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has great clinical significance. T1rho and UTE-T2* relaxometry are capable of providing information about biochemical changes in IVDD. However, they have not been previously analyzed and compared directly in the same patients.

Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard imaging modality for the assessment of 3D bony morphology but incurs the cost of ionizing radiation exposure. High-resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with CT-like bone contrast (CLBC) may provide an alternative to CT in allowing complete evaluation of both bony and soft tissue structures with a single MRI examination.

Falcine sinuses can remain persistent after birth, but they can also become recanalized in cases where venous sinuses are invaded by meningiomas.

Different parotid tumors differ in terms of treatment strategies due to their distinct biological behaviors. Time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (t-dMRI) can characterize and quantify the cytological indexes, and then aid the differential diagnosis of various tumors. However, the value of t-dMRI in the analysis of parotid gland tumors remains unclear.

Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is an interventional management in preventing ischemic stroke caused by carotid artery stenosis. After the treatment with CAS, in-stent restenosis caused by neointimal hyperplasia may develop.

The role of imaging in autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) remains unclear, and there are limited data on the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose, treat, or prognosticate AIE.

Cerebral infarction is one of the most common diseases. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used to evaluate for crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) to observe the expression of repulsive guidance molecule a (RGMa), the axonal regeneration as well as the effect on neural functional recovery in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model.