Requests for hormonal transition in minors are increasing. To date, there is no national recommendation to guide these practices in France. Therefore, the SFEDP (French Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology) has commissioned a group of experts to draft the first national consensus on this topic.

Management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm newborns has been debated extensively for more than six decades. Some authors affirm that PDA is only an innocent mirror of infant immaturity, without specific health consequences. They also underline the futility, even danger, of treating it. Others are concerned about the hemodynamic effects of this left-right shunt, resulting in high pulmonary blood flow and low systemic output, which can contribute to the occurrence of severe morbidities - including pulmonary hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis -and may increase the risk of death. Many management strategies have been described, ranging from expectant management to nontargeted prophylaxis, but there is currently no consensus about who to treat, when, and how.

Glomerular hyperfiltration is an early indicator of obesity-related glomerular disease. However, in adolescents, there are no quantifiable indicators of obesity and glomerular hyperfiltration. This study investigates the association between visceral adipose tissue and glomerular hyperfiltration in adolescents.

Unnecessary dietary eliminations may impair quality of life, affect children's growth, and negatively impact healthcare costs. Previous studies reported that around 11 % to 28 % of children continue a food-avoidance diet despite a negative oral food challenge (OFC).

In 2022, recommendations for vitamin D supplementation in children were updated in France. The objective of this study was to assess real-life practices of vitamin D supplementation in children following these recommendations.

To evaluate a nurse-driven respiratory support discontinuation protocol in infants with bronchiolitis admitted in paediatric intensive care units.

In March 2020, several countries, including France, implemented a total lockdown policy to combat the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, involving the closure of schools. This measure required children to stay at home for an extended period of time. Several studies have shown an increase in the number or proportion and severity of domestic accidents in children during this period. Santé Publique France and the paediatric emergency department of Toulouse University Hospital conducted a study on the impact of the first lockdown on the use of the emergency department due to domestic accidents in children under 15 years of age in France.

The time for newborn discharge from the maternity ward has been shortened in recent decades with consequences that are still debated.

Spinal muscular atrophy is a severe, progressive autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder associated with neuromuscular scoliosis. When bracing is not sufficient to control the deformity, early spinal surgery is required. To the best of our knowledge, no work in the literature have assessed modifications in spinal and thigh muscles of subjects with type 2 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA2) following spinal surgery.

Chest pain is a common symptom in pediatric emergency department. The causes are mostly benign without any sign on chest x-ray (CXR). However, CXR is one of the most ordered tests in this situation. Our main objective was to assess the current management of CXR by physicians in this context, according to the algorithm proposed by the French Society of Pediatrics (FSP).

In 2021, for the first time, a legal framework organizing the care of children with a variation in genital development (VGD), sometimes referred to as "intersex children" or "children with differences in sex development" (DSD), was introduced in France (article L. 2131-6 of the Code of Public Health). It should be immediately apparent that the chosen term, "variation" rather than "anomalies" or "disorders" - which was previously used in the medical world - reflects a political will to renew both the way of thinking and the medical practices in this field. The aim of the new legal framework is to guarantee optimum care for children with VGD by requiring the systematic involvement of expert centers (to establish diagnoses and therapeutic proposals), providing the most comprehensive information possible to their families and seeking the minor's consent. Among the possible medical care options, the law explicitly mentions "therapeutic abstention," reflecting a paradigm shift aimed at curbing the too-frequent recourse to treatments whose sole objective is the conformation of the genitalia. An order was subsequently issued on 15 November 2022 to provide the necessary details for the implementation of the changes introduced by the law.

Teledermatology has been widely deployed over the past decade in France, becoming an indispensable tool in daily practice. Pediatric dermatology is a subspecialty of dermatology limited to a small number of specialists. In 2013, the Argenteuil Hospital developed a structured store-and-forward (SAF) service that is particularly well-suited for the field of pediatric dermatology. We report on our 10-year experience using the SAF approach in pediatric dermatology, focusing on the acceptability and efficiency of the service.

Mood symptoms and disordered eating behaviors are common in adolescents with overweight and obesity. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between mood symptoms, difficulties in emotion regulation, and emotional eating behaviors in adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Adolescent pregnancies are categorized as high risk due to their adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate the well-being of pregnant adolescents by assessing pregnancy complications, depression, anxiety, social support, and adaptation to pregnancy.

During 2020-2021, in the context of increasing SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the general population, French authorities made the decision to keep schools open and set up massive screening campaigns for students. Here, we describe the impact of this strategy on the circulation of SARS-COV-2 among children and adolescents during this period.

Infections claim the lives of over half a million newborns annually and expose survivors to the risk of lifelong disability. The challenge to clinicians is to identify newborns with invasive infections rapidly, promptly initiate antimicrobial treatment, and take measures to prevent and treat organ dysfunction. Moreover, excessive antibiotic use is a global public health problem. Despite considerable research on clinical and laboratory markers of neonatal sepsis, the effective translation into clinical practice remains limited. There is no single clinical or laboratory marker, nor any combination of markers that definitively confirms or rules out neonatal sepsis. The interpretation of these markers should take into account their diagnostic value for a given patient, along with their added value to the clinical decision-making process. The digitalization of health care systems, combined with increased computational power and advances in machine learning, offers the possibility of developing accurate predictive algorithms for early detection of neonatal sepsis.

The arrival of a newborn in a family brings with it many worries, together with baby-related tasks to keep family members busy, and sometimes paradoxically withdrawal. Funding from UNICEF enabled us to conduct an original anthropological study in five countries of sub-Saharan Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, Togo), studying newborn care from birth to the seventh day of life. We focused on the various kinds of care provided to these babies and on their diverse meanings. We examined how the social status of newborns induced forms of care and of interpretations of particular disorders. This work shows that the conceptions of the newborn: vulnerable beings of uncertain social integration - engendered less investment by health care professionals at birth, but inversely, strong mobilization by members of the extended family. Despite the generalization of hospital births, care during the first days of life remained associated with the domestic household universe and was barely if at all medicalized. The heterogeneous integration of medical recommendations for newborn care in the first days of life can be analyzed as arising from divergent intentions around the birth and the reception of the newborn. This study also examined how changes in neonatal care may generate conflicts of influence and intrafamily power struggles and thus allowed us to explain how the adoption of some recommended neonatal care was compromised and how they need to be adapted locally. It thus showed how some changes in neonatal care helped to bring about the reexamination of family roles. This will lead us to discuss how to define "respectful care" for these subjects who cannot speak. Beyond quality of care based on good practice guidelines, it is important to underline how respect in the care relationship is indissociable from the local cultural construction of newborns.