The sugarcane processing industry in the U.S. state of Louisiana is on the verge of a transformation toward increased automation and real-time data analytics through the adoption of sensor networks. As part of this transition, it was imperative to obtain the current insight and feedback on sensors, automation, and data analytics from sugarcane processors. A short survey was circulated to assess the perspectives of industry stakeholders and seek their feedback on the prime needs for sensors, challenges in incorporating these, and outlook on real-time data analytics and predictive models in processing. Compilation of responses is presented, along with examples of industrially relevant projects that involve sensor networks, real-time data analytics, and artificial intelligence.

The paper proposes a construct for sweeteners (SMH-sugar, molasses, and honey class) consumer behavior, focusing on the mountain  healing effects and its market. The paper develops three research dimensions, respectively, the importance of the healing properties of SMH products, the consumer behavior of SMH clients, and the world trade of SMH. product is considered one of the primary natural prevention and treatment for COVID-19. Presented empirical and experimental studies, respectively, qualitative analysis for product, reveal that honey, especially dark honey, presents healing effects. People understand the healing effects of honey in the COVID-19 context, and consequently, honey consumption increased. The forecasting model of the export value, for the 2021-2040 period, takes into consideration the descriptive statistics analysis based on 2001-2020 data. The paper contains relevant data about the SMH class related to statistics of the World Bank, United Nations, Eurostat, International Trade Center, and other sources presented in the paper. Data have been processed into SPSS and Excel, according to ANOVA (descriptive statistics with a focus on frequency analysis) and forecasting analysis.

Fijian sugar industry is a major performer in Fiji's national economy, although it has been challenged by a range of problems alongside its journey. The latest vulnerability of the amplifying pandemic of the novel COVID-19 (coronavirus) has influenced the sugar industry and its interrelated ventures, in Fiji, and, all through the world. The entire supply chain of the sugar industry has been affected by spillover effects. The Fiji sugarcane industry amidst COVID-19 pandemic and concrete steps taken in response by the government and industry during these difficult times are deliberated in this paper.

Lignocellulosic sugars are the major renewable building blocks for green fuels and chemicals production. However, the implication of an effective pretreatment process is an inevitable process to access the biomass sugars. Alkaline pretreatment is a viable pretreatment process, causing a selective removal of lignin, with a minimum degradation of carbohydrates, increasing porosity and surface area, eventually enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis. Here, we have assessed commercial cloth washing detergents as catalytic agents, for the lignin removal from sugarcane bagasse. Three different detergents (Brilhiante® (B), Omo® (O), Sabonito Flash® (F)) were tested using three different concentrations (5, 10 and 15%) with and without pH adjustment. Pretreatment with O5pH (5% Omo®, pH 12) showed the maximum lignin removal (81.14%) and retainment of cellulose (44.15%), and hemicellulose (29.71%) in the pretreated bagasse. The maximum sugars (26.62 g/L) were released from the O10pH-pretreated sugarcane bagasse. This study shows the potential of washing detergents as the new potential catalytic agents for the pretreatment of biomass for efficient sugars recovery and retaining maximum lignin in the pretreated substrate.

Sugar beet is an important crop in the advent of COVID 19 as it has a high potential for ethanol production in less growth span. The life cycle of this crop is of five to six months with a root yield of 60-80 t ha and sugar content of 15-17%. Sugar beet is known as a temperate crop of short duration grown in the month of September to October and harvested in April and May, but successful efforts have been made in establishing this crop for Indian agro-climatic conditions. India stands to gain from capitalizing on the potential of sugar beet for sugar, ethanol, and fodder. It offers the increment in the farmer's income especially hill farmers with respect to seed production of this crop in India The crop has been bestowed with a natural endowment of reclaiming saline soils which will help in cultivating the Indian saline areas. The crop is full of carbohydrates content which is being used for multiple purposes giving value addition to the crop. The green top and, wet and dry pulp are a good source of fodder material for lactating animals like cattle. Beet pulp is another good source as silage feed and as an adhesive in beauty products as well as in printing ink. An amount of 5250 L of ethanol per hectare crop can be produced. Due to 30% galacturonic acid content, the dry beet pulp can also be used as a source of Vitamin C. Lactic acid is also being produced from the juice of sugar beet through fermentation. The pectin content of this crop is useful in paper and board manufacturing industries as a raw material and also in dishwashing detergents and leather production. The fiber content works as dietary fibers which are used in meat and baking industries as important ingredients in food commodities. The vinasse produced as an industrial by-product is useful as a fertilizer. Sugar beet tails and other parts have also been used in biogas production in some countries. Intercropping of this crop with other crops is an added benefit of this crop. New prospects are also available for this crop in pharmaceutical industries and material sciences in times to come.

Nutraceutical, functional or fortified food not only supplements the diet but also assists in developing immunity and preventing diseases. Therefore, it also provides medical benefits apart from nutrition. Individual health and diet are receiving a lot of attention these days. Food products that are healthy, safe, and easy to use are in high demand. A lot of emphases has been directed toward food products with added health benefits. Jaggery (non-centrifugal sugar), made from sugarcane juice, is one of them. It is known to mankind for the last 3000 years and is an essential part of the diet in the rural part of many countries. Jaggery is recognized as a nutraceutical due to the presence of a variety of essential amino acids, antioxidants, phenolics, minerals like calcium, phosphorus, iron, and vitamins. Jaggery has a better natural source and nutrients for health benefits and could be used as a healthier dietary substitute to white sugar. The nutraceutical value of jaggery can be enhanced with value addition and fortification of medicinally important herbs and spices. This would not only enhance the quality of nutritive jaggery but will also offer value-added products with exciting flavors for daily use sweeteners with several nutritional health benefits.

Plant-based biofuels present a promising alternative to depleting non-renewable fuel resources. One of the benefits of biofuel is reduced environmental impact, including reduction in greenhouse gas emission which causes climate change. Sugarcane is one of the most important bioenergy crops. Sugarcane juice is used to produce table sugar and first-generation biofuel (e.g., bioethanol). Sugarcane bagasse is also a potential material for second-generation cellulosic biofuel production. Researchers worldwide are striving to improve sugarcane biomass yield and quality by a variety of means including biotechnological tools. This paper reviews the use of sugarcane as a feedstock for biofuel production, and gene manipulation tools and approaches, including RNAi and genome-editing tools, such as TALENs and CRISPR-Cas9, for improving its quality. The specific focus here is on CRISPR system because it is low cost, simple in design and versatile compared to other genome-editing tools. The advance of CRISPR-Cas9 technology has transformed plant research with its ability to precisely delete, insert or replace genes in recent years. Lignin is the primary material responsible for biomass recalcitrance in biofuel production. The use of genome editing technology to modify lignin composition and distribution in sugarcane cell wall has been realized. The current and potential applications of genome editing technology for sugarcane improvement are discussed. The advantages and limitations of utilizing RNAi and TALEN techniques in sugarcane improvement are discussed as well.

The worldwide sugar industry presents a productive inertia and a fragile sustainability due to there are marginal advances in the productivity, productive diversification, and reduction of the environmental impact in cane crop fields, sugar factories, distilleries, and non-centrifuged sugar production. The complexity of sustainability evaluation in sugar industry is highlighted by the incorporation of many criteria including both quantitative and qualitative issues, measured by different units or at least the development of standards for benchmarking. The key to successful sustainability will ultimately depend on the progress in sugarcane productivity without increasing the cultivated area and decreases the environmental impacts without the lack of coordination between public policies, stakeholders, and markets which would have benefits and wellness on social, economic, and environmental aspects. The aim of this research was to carry out a review about the sustainability frameworks, indicators, constraints, and barrier to transit the sugar industry to sustainability. The results present opportunities and strengths of sugar industry related to 2030 agenda for sustainable development and circular economy as an useful guidance to formulate strategies to maximizing the potential of the sugar industry to a sustainable biofactory.

Sugarcane is one of the most important industrial crops in Vietnam and covers a total of 127,000 hectares of plantation area. In the season 2020-2021, Vietnam has produced 0.763 million tons of sugar (accounting for 0.34% total world sugar production). A current sugarcane production of 7.498 million tons is being used mainly for sugar production for direct consumption, ethanol production, bio-electricity and fertilization. To ensure crop sustainability, various policies and plans have been implemented. Crop breeding and zoning improvement programme significantly influence sugarcane production and sugar yield. Over 25 years since the programme "one million ton of sugar" was promoted, Vietnam currently possesses 25 sugar mills with a total capacity of 110,000 tons of sugarcane per day. Major problems of sugarcane industry as well as research and development have been discussed in this review. Recent research and development work focused on the added values of co-products to ensure sustainability of the sugarcane industry. Molasses will be used for ethanol production, and bagasse is used as the biomass for the alternative energy. Sugarcane and sugar would be the main feedstocks for those bio-economy growths in Vietnam. To keep the sustainable development of the sugar industry, and to meet the demand of the food and non-food requirements, it is necessary to upgrade the sugar value chain through the adoption and the development of co-products of the sugar industry.

Crop diversification provides an opportunity for farmers to maximize their profits, fulfilling multiple needs, avoid monsoon threats, and make the crop production system sustainable. Inclusion of various pulse/oilseed/vegetables/cereals/medicinal/aromatic crops with sugarcane brings forth cultivation of these crops in irrigated agro-system and improves the yields of component crops. Besides, the component crops improve soil fertility and create a favorable environment for the further growth of sugarcane crops. Sprouting in winter-initiated sugarcane ratoon could be enhanced by adopting fodder legumes such as Indian clover and Egyptian clover. Intercropping vegetables provides an ample opportunity for mid-season income generation and improves profitability. Besides, high-value medicinal and aromatic crops such as tulsi (holy basil), mentha could also be included in the sugarcane-based system. Crop residue management has been recognized as a critical issue in managing the crops in the various cropping systems. Including multiple bio-agents for fast decomposition of crop residues provides scope for managing soil organic carbon through crop residue recycling in the system. Resource use efficiencies, nutrient use, water use, and weed control could be increased by adopting suitable crops in intercropping systems. An integrated farming system involving crop, livestock, and fisheries options could improve farmers' profit besides employment generation in rural India. Recycling of bye products and co-products of other enterprises influences the viability and farmer's profitability of the system. Trash, press mud cake, vinasse, composted bagasse, rhizodeposition of stubble play a significant role in sustaining soil fertility and increasing crop productivity. New emerging crop diversification options, viz., intercropping of , winter maize, and garlic in autumn cane generate mid-season income and enhance the system's profitability for small and marginal cane growers. Dual-purpose legumes, viz., cowpea, and green gram as intercrops with spring-planted cane increase the pool of soil microbial biomass nitrogen capitalize allelopathic effects and sustain soil health. In the present paper, these issues have been discussed. Due to the adoption of location-specific and farmers-centric systems, farmers' profitability could be increased, providing sustainability to the sugarcane-based systems.

This paper examines the problems facing the sugar industry in Fiji. It expands on the difficulties of world trade and the macro- and micro-problems that affects the sugar industry sternly. It also discusses local challenges associated with sugarcane crop production and sugar manufacturing in the country. Additionally, it provides an overview of some of the specific issues directly facing smallholder sugarcane growers. This study is based on a customised mixed-methods research conducted in the year 2015 in the sugarcane-producing areas on the islands of Viti Levu and Vanua Levu in Fiji. The 33 farmers and members of their households in the study comprised both descendants of the community brought from India under the colonial rule and the native sugarcane farmers, who rely primarily on cash incomes derived from the sale of sugarcane and other diversified farm products. This paper demonstrates that the sugar industry in Fiji is currently facing a 'perfect storm'-wave after wave of major difficulties coming all at once-and the country is beginning to tackle these problems only as they reach crisis point.

The South-Asian region including India is a major hub of sugar producing countries with ample presence in the global sugar scenario. India has a rich history of sugarcane and sugar production since time immemorial, and the industry has gradually evolved to find a place among the top sugar producing countries of the world. The innovative technological interventions for sugarcane improvement, production and management have helped the industry to progress towards a diversified and bio-based productive, sustainable and profitable one, thereby gradually becoming self-reliant. This self-reliant industry with the right mix of linkages and collaborations, has been successful in tackling the various unforeseen challenges including those that cropped up during COVID-19 pandemic. The industry also fulfils its Corporate Social Responsibilities leading to the overall betterment of its stakeholders. This has enabled the Indian sugar industry to align itself with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals.

Field experiments were conducted in 2019 and 2021 growing seasons to evaluate the chlorophyll readings and crop water stress index (CWSI) response to full and deficit irrigation for drip-irrigated sugar beet ( L.) under sub-humid climate of Bursa, Turkey. In addition, the changes of soil water content under different irrigation treatments and statistical relationships between chlorophyll and CWSI values and ET, root yield and sugar yield were investigated. Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized blocks design with three replications. Irrigations were scheduled based on the replenishment of 100 (S1), 66 (S2), 33 (S3), and 0% (S4) of soil water depletion within the soil profile of 0-90 cm using 7 day irrigation intervals. Lower and upper baselines obtained by measurements based on the canopy temperature from the treatments full irrigated and non-irrigated were used to calculate CWSI. The variations in CWSI values were consistent with the variations of seasonal soil water contents induced by the different irrigation practices. CWSI values generally varied between 0 and 1 throughout the experimental periods. In 2019, seasonal mean chlorophyll readings varied between 203.3 and 249.1, and mean CWSI values varied between 0.12 and 0.85. In 2021, seasonal mean chlorophyll readings varied between 232.7 and 259.3 and mean CWSI values between 0.19 and 0.89. Unlike chlorophyll values, CWSI decreased with increased irrigation water amount. In both years, statistically significant relationships were determined between chlorophyll readings and CWSI and ET, root yield and sugar yield. The greatest root yield was achieved with a seasonal mean CWSI value of 0.12. An exponential equation determined as "Root Yield = 10.804e" between seasonal average CWSI values and root yield can be used for estimation of root yield in sugar beet farming. The mean CWSI values determined by infrared thermometer technique can be used in determination of crop water stress and irrigation scheduling of sugar beet cultivation under sub-humid climatic conditions.

Food science innovation depends on consumers' needs and is currently seeking functional food with health effects. Non-centrifugal cane sugar (NCS) is known for its potential health effects, but there is a lack of holistic analysis on technological advancement and socio-economic and market trends for decision-making in the development of the technology. The aim of this article was to analyse the research trends, recent patents, and market trends and niches for NCS to structure an NCS technological roadmap. Scientometric, bibliometric methods, and global and local market information on NCS were used. Comprehensive analysis of the worldwide research trends and patents on NCS processing and of the growth of the main niche markets for Colombian NCS exports in the last five years was conducted. Finally, with the information obtained, an NCS technological roadmap was structured, which can be used as a tool for planning innovation processes and supporting the development of new research using market information and new norms forged by the COVID-19 pandemic for Colombian case. Furthermore, the methodological design could be used for other NCS producer countries.

The response surface methodology (RSM) was used in order to select the extraction conditions of extract from Kentichi date powder; a by-product of the date-processing process. Powder/solvent ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time all had an impact on sugar yield, and these model factors have quadratic effects influencing sugar yield. Optimal extraction was obtained with 300 g/L powder/solvent ratio, 32.7 °C extraction temperature, and 2.1 h extraction time. Under these conditions, Kentichi date powder's (KDP) sugar yield was 77.1%, which was close to the predicted value of the model (80.50%). The results of Kentichi date powder extract (KDPE) showed that the total sugar content is 160.09 g/L. However, the protein content is 10.31 g/L with a majority of the essential amino acids (essentially glutamic acid (28.39 mg/L) and aspartic acid (9.65 mg/L)). The determination of antioxidant activity of KDPE showed a high activity (DPPH IC = 4.8 mg/mL, ABTS IC = 3 mg/mL, FRAP = 4.70 μmol AAE/mL and, TAA = 18.04 μmol Fe(II)/mL). The results show also that the freeze-drying technique has a lot of potential for producing powder from KDPE with many desirable properties. The findings indicate that KDPE with a high nutritional value could be used as a component for the formulation of functional foods.

In times of turbulent financial markets, investors all around the globe seek for opportunities protecting their portfolios from devastating losses. Historically, commodities were regarded as a safe haven providing sound returns which offset potential losses arising from dropping equity prices in times of market turmoil. While sugar would have provided a proper hedge against crashing equity markets during the initiation of the 2007 bear market and the onset financial crisis, sugar prices dropped likewise equity during the outbreak of COVID-19 and the consequent market shock. The goal of the paper is to elaborate on the differences in sugar price dynamics during the aforementioned economic disruptions by employing a multiple linear regression approach using data from the last quarter 2007 as well as the first quarter of 2019. The findings suggest that the behavioral differences stem from the deep link between oil and sugar prices. While oil did not influence the price of sugar during the outbreak of the financial crisis, it had tremendous influence on sugar prices during the outbreak of the corona crisis. Currently, sugar provides a substantial upside for an investor's portfolio since the demand and supply-side shock on oil prices due to corona crisis as well as the Saudi-Russian oil price war drove oil prices and consequently sugar prices to a historic low. Sugar futures provide the advantage of offering a smaller contract size compared to oil futures, and even though both commodities trade in contango as of March 2020, the sugar future curve is by far not as steep as the oils. Resultingly, investors benefit from lower rollover costs while prospering from a potential surge in oil prices.

The Indian sugar industry, a significant player in the national economy, has faced many challenges in the course of its journey. The threat posed by the growing pandemic novel corona virus (COVID-19), has been the most recent one and it is impacting sugar industry stakeholders and its integrated industries, not only in India, but all over the world. The entire value chain of the Indian sugar industry, viz., sugarcane, sugar, molasses, ethanol and their subsequent marketing and export, has been adversely affected from the spillover impacts. The major impacts of COVID-19 on Indian sugar industry are discussed.

The natural variation of sucrose concentration in maple tree sap is investigated using time-domain magnetic resonance (MR). The current study, which includes a concise introduction to the relevant MR properties, is a demonstration of principle showing how the relaxation time constant and the self-diffusion coefficient relate to the amount of sucrose and ionic content present in the collected sap samples. and self-diffusion coefficient for maple saps from six different trees, each sampled weekly in the spring of 2019, were measured using MR. The results were plotted against the sucrose concentration of each sample with the aim of determining if either quantity could serve as the basis for a non-invasive sucrose measurement for maple trees. The relaxation time constant was found not to be a reliable proxy for sucrose content in maple sap as it showed sensitivity to the slight changes in sap chemistry throughout the season and natural variation from tree to tree. The diffusion coefficient, determined through a standard pulsed-gradient spin-echo experiment, was insensitive to the changes in sap chemistry and showed a strong relationship to sucrose content. A diffusion measurement is thus proposed as the most suitable candidate for a non-invasive sucrose measurement for maple tree sap.