To develop a deep learning-based automatic segmentation method for cortex and marrow in mandibular condyle on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and explore its clinical application.

The objective is to present a dental-dedicated magnetic resonance imaging (ddMRI)-based follow-up of inferior third molar removal over 12 months. A 30-year-old female presented with recurrent pain and bleeding from her lower right third molar. With adding diagnostic information from a panoramic image, the tooth was referred for removal. The patient underwent ddMRI using a dental coil with a proton density (PD) weighed turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and a PD-TSE-STIR with fat suppression to highlight possible inflammatory processes. The scans were performed pre-operatively, immediately post-operatively, and in a rigorous follow-up (weekly basis for the first 6 weeks, bi-weekly from 7 to 12 weeks, and once at 6 and 12 months post-operatively). Using ImageJ software, circular ROIs were selected in the extraction alveolus coronary, middle, and apical regions. Mean grey values (MGVs) and standard deviation (SD) were obtained. A trend of decreasing MGVs in the PD (TSE) pulse sequence was observed over time, irrespective of the root third. Considering the PD-STIR (TSE), no trend was observed. ddMRI is feasible in the follow-up assessment of inferior third molar removal. Further clinical trials with larger samples are needed to define the usability of follow-up with ddMRI, considering a potential added diagnostic value.

This study aimed to analyze variations in the sella turcica (ST) concerning its size, shape, and bridging, providing first reference values in Austrian individuals. Additionally, it assessed associations between these morphological and demographic parameters and their correlation with patients' skeletal class.

To assess the structural alterations in peri-implant bone occurring 5 years after prosthodontic loading in panoramic radiography (PR).

Introduction Fractal analysis (FA) is a computational method used to quantify the complex trabecular structure of bone. While FA has been widely applied in dentistry, there are challenges in standardizing the technique due to factors such as image resolution, region of interest (ROI) selection, and image processing. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the direction of ROI selection (DROIS) on fractal dimension (FD) calculations.

Primary intraosseous carcinoma not otherwise specified (PIOC NOS) is a rare tumor assumed to arise from the epithelium, such as odontogenic cysts or benign tumors. Its clinical and imaging diagnoses are often challenging, especially in the early stages, as it mimics jaw cysts and benign tumors, and no specific findings have been identified. This report presents the case of a 66-year-old male patient with mandibular PIOC, highlighting the imaging findings over time. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before symptom onset showed a cystic lesion in the right mandible with a soft tissue component. Both the fluid component and soft tissue exhibited low apparent diffusion coefficient values (1.0 × 10 mm/s and 1.3 × 10 mm/s, respectively). Subsequent MRI approximately 5 months later during symptom onset showed a slight increase in the soft tissue component. Based on the clinical and imaging findings, ameloblastoma was suspected, prompting a biopsy for confirmation. However, the histopathological findings showed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). MRI performed approximately 1 month later exhibited significant tumor growth and extension beyond the jawbone, consistent with a malignant tumor. Histopathological examination identified areas with a basal layer in a palisading arrangement, indicating a pre-existing odontogenic cyst, and showed a transition from epithelial dysplasia to SCC. In addition, carcinoma cell invasion and proliferation into the cyst were observed. Based on these findings, PIOC of the right mandible was determined to be the definitive diagnosis.

The present radiographic study was conducted to assess the subject and tooth prevalence of dilaceration in a cohort of Tamil population aided by morphometric analysis.

This study intended to evaluate patients' attitudes toward the use of AI in dental radiographic detection of occlusal caries and the impact of AI-based diagnosis on their trust in dentists.

In recent times, artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained popularity in medical as well as dental radiology. Studies have been conducted among medical and dental students and professionals about the knowledge and understanding towards AI. The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions and acceptability of AI in dental radiology among a group of Indian patients seeking dental treatment.

To assess quantitatively the effect of metallic materials on MR image uniformity using a standardized method.

This work proposes a novel method to evaluate root canal filling (RCF) success using artificial intelligence (AI) and image analysis techniques.

This study aimed to harmonize panoramic radiograph images from different equipment in a single institution to display similar styles.

The goal of this examination was to compare the impact of probable sleep/awake bruxism on the mandibular trabecular bone structure by fractal analysis (FA) with digital panoramic radiograph (DPR) and radiomorphometric measurements in paediatric patients with bruxism.

Only a few studies have explored whether high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR-ISBT) can be indicated as a palliative/symptomatic treatment. We present the good results of palliative treatment using HDR-ISBT combined with external beam radiotherapy (ERT) in a patient of base of tongue cancer (cT4aN1M0). The patient was an 81-year-old male who complained of local pain. He had a previous irradiation history for head and neck cancer receiving ERT with systemic chemotherapy and radical surgery 15 years ago. Since it might be difficult for him to receive radical radiation doses using ERT alone, palliative ERT of relatively lower doses of 37.5 Gy in 15 fractions was selected. One month after ERT, HDR-ISBT was implemented as a booster. Considering the burden on physical condition, single-fraction HDR-ISBT was selected. We employed a new technique in which we did not penetrate the ventral surface of the tongue to reduce the risk of infection and bleeding. The planning-aim dose was 9.5 Gy. The dose that covered 90% of the clinical target volume was 9.6 Gy. The treatment ended without any problems. Acute complications were not observed. The tumor size decreased, and local pain disappeared at post-treatment day 84. No late complications were observed. Two years and 8 months after the treatment, the patient is alive without any obvious recurrence. Additional single-fraction HDR-ISBT boost may be a useful modality as a palliative/symptomatic intent. The implantation technique and dose-fraction schedule may be important for the safe treatment of older patients or those with poor performance status.

Understanding the factors influencing craniofacial structure growth is crucial for addressing craniofacial deformities. This study evaluates masseter muscle volume, activity, and maximum bite force across different skeletal malocclusion groups and aims to evaluate the masseter muscle volume, activity, and maximum bite force (BF) according to different skeletal malocclusion groups.

This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of an intraoral ultrasound (US) device to evaluate alveolar bone by comparing it between different raters and to microCT (µCT) measurements.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between radiographic measurements of the alveolar bone in posterior single-tooth edentulous regions and radiographic measurements of non-alveolar jawbones using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

The aim of this study was to evaluated the masseter, anterior digastric and geniohyoid muscles of individuals with similar growth and developmental periods but different sagittal skeletal malocclusions using ultrasonography and ultrasonographic elastography and to make interclass assessments.

Canine impaction is a common dental anomaly that requires a multidisciplinary approach, from diagnosis to treatment. The regular two-dimensional (2D) radiographs are able to visualize if the tooth is impacted, but unable to specifically localize it, and determine if there are any root resorptions associated to it. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is able to three-dimensionally determine its location, aiding to the diagnosis and treatment plan. The major disadvantage is the amount of radiation that is added to the patient and can be even more significant in pediatric patients. The intra-oral ultrasound (io-US) is a new non-invasive and non-radiating real-time chairside imaging method that has the potential to aid in locating the impacted tooth. This paper presents 4 cases that required a CBCT for the location and treatment planning of impacted maxillary canines and were also scanned with intra-oral ultrasound. The images were then compared to the CBCT exam for validation of the new method. Through these cases, we highlight the capability of the io-US to locate the impacted canines. Other advantages of io-US might include evaluation of soft tissue thickness and vasculature that are important for surgical planning and execution.

This study aimed to train a 3D U-Net convolutional neural network (CNN) for mandible and lower dentition segmentation from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.