Given that low early (4 weeks) weight loss (WL) predicts longer-term WL, the purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with poor early WL.

We investigated the impact of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) on daily living activities and motor function of TSCI patients. A total of 88 TSCI patients were randomly divided into Group A (N=44) and Group B (N=44). Group A received rehabilitation treatment 7 days after the stabilization of vital signs, and Group B received rehabilitation treatment 30 days after hospitalization. The compliance rate of Group A (93.18%) was higher than that of Group B (72.73%) ( 2 =6.510, p<.05); The scores of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in Group A were higher than those in Group B. The self-rating score of anxiety and depression was lower than that of Group B (p<.05). For the rehabilitation treatment of TSCI patients, it is better to choose the intervention after the vital signs are stable to improve patients' ability for daily living activities and motor function.

In this study, we investigate the relationships among personal well-being, self-esteem, supervisor support, life satisfaction, and happiness in a sample of nurses. In this study, we also investigate the mediating role of life satisfaction. Present research was quantitative in nature and the research design was cross-sectional. Data were collected from a convenience sample of nurses working in hospitals by using a self-administered survey. We used partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for the assessment of statistical significance of the proposed model. We found a statistically significant and positive relationship between personal well-being, life satisfaction, and happiness. Similarly, self-esteem and supervisor support positively affected life satisfaction. Our research adds to the present literature on the factors that affect happiness among nurses. The study also adds to the current literature on PLS-SEM in terms of the assessment of mediation and direct relationships. Our findings are helpful for decision-makers in the health sector in developing happiness and life satisfaction among nurses. These results are also valuable for academicians for their future studies.

An important aspect of complex care of patients with chronic hepatitis C is improvement of their quality of life. In Poland, a low level of life satisfaction is observed among patients with hepatitis C. Some patients experience concerns and anxiety that they will be identified by their employers, family, acquaintances. They are afraid of losing their job or breaking up with their loved ones. This study provides an analysis of the level of life satisfaction among patients with chronic hepatitis C. Overall, 220 patients with hepatitis C completed the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) along with an author-constructed questionnaire. The mean level of satisfaction with life score was 16.3±4.9. More than a half of the patients presented a low level of satisfaction (1-4 stens)-62,7%, approximately one-third of the respondents showed a mediocre level (5-6 stens), and 8,7% indicated a high level (7-10 stens). Patients who evaluated their state of health as "poor" had the lowest life satisfaction scores-mean=13.9. Patients with hepatitis C assessed their satisfaction with life negatively and those aged 51-60 expressed significantly lower evaluations. Women showed a slightly lower level of life satisfaction than men, which was associated with low health self-esteem.

Personal well-being is a major part of recovery for the many people who experience mental illness. Peer support specialists are mental health professionals who have themselves experienced mental illness and use their recovery experiences to facilitate the healing of others. In this study, we explored how peer specialists view their subjective well-being in their work with others and how they perceive their profession. Seven peer specialists working in a psychiatric hospital participated in individual interviews. We asked them about their personal experiences, their subjective well-being, and their perceptions of the peer specialist profession. We analyzed the interviews thematically. The peer specialists' responses emphasized the link between mental health recovery and subjective well-being. Our findings also indicated the importance of positive relationships and community belonging as fundamental to subjective well-being, and consequently, to recovery. The insights that peer support specialists have acquired and the tools they have mastered in their own recovery process highlight the valuable experience-based knowledge and skills they can provide to others. Future studies may investigate how the experience of their own well-being and recovery directly influences their work with others.

In this study, we examined changes in purchase behavior of alcoholic beverages (ie, soju, beer, wine, traditional Korean liquor, and liquor) and non-alcoholic beverages (ie, fruit and vegetable juices, coffee, tea, bottled water, milk, yogurt, and plant-based milk) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Monthly beverage expenditure data, based on Korean household demographic information, was used for 3 years and 6 months. The 2-part model was used for analysis. To examine the effect of COVID-19, beverage expenditure was analyzed after dividing it into short-term and long-term effects. Our results show that the probability of purchasing alcoholic beverages increased owing to the long-term effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. The amounts of beer, wine, and traditional Korean liquor purchased increased in the long-term. The purchase of sweet drinks decreased (ie, fruit and vegetable juices and yogurt) in the long-term because of the effect of the pandemic. On the other hand, tea, water, and plant-based milk expenditures increased. This beverage consumption pattern reflects both unhealthy (ie, an increase in alcoholic beverage purchases) and healthy drinking behaviors (ie, a decrease in sweet beverage purchases and an increase in tea, water, and plant-based milk purchases).

This research was conducted to analyze the relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy and weight gain in childbirth. This research is also an approach to understand women health behavior for BMI. In this descriptive analysis of 588 singleton pregnancies, their pre-pregnancy BMI was measured and gestational weight growth in the third trimester, all reserved pregnant women were tracked, and the method of delivery was recorded in Maternity Teaching Hospital from February to December 2020. The data collected throughout the investigation were analyzed using the SPSS 25 package application. According to the study's findings, the average age of women was 24.4 years old, with a standard deviation of 5.04. About 66% of women had standard BMI, 17.56% were underweight, 10.13% were overweight, and 6.08% were obese. A statistically significant association was discovered between maternal weight during pregnancy and mode of delivery in this study. The study highlighted that women health behavior is significant factor to improve their BMI during pregnancy and delivery.

The objective of this research was to test the application of peri-anesthesia nursing management (anesthesia preparation room, operating room, recovery room, post anesthesia visit, and anesthesia general management) on hospital services. We used a quantitative research design to collect data from 311 nurses, with structural equation modeling used for data analysis. The application of the peri- anesthesia nursing management mode of the five-sphere integrated plan impacted hospital services for patients. The practice of the five-sphere integrated mode not only highlighted the professional characteristics of anesthesia nursing, but also ensured the quality of medical treatment of patients during peri-anesthesia, and provided new ideas and references for nursing management of other specialties.

Healthcare expenditures in western countries have been rising for many years. This leads many countries to develop and test new reimbursement systems. A systematic review about monetary incentives in group settings indicated that a sole focus on monetary aspects does not necessarily result in better care at lower costs. Hence, this systematic review aims to describe the effects of non- monetary incentives in physician groups. We searched the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EconLit, and ISI Web of Science. Grey literature search, reference lists, and authors' personal collection provided additional sources. Overall, we included 36 studies. We identified 4 categories of interventions related to non-monetary incentives. In particular, the category of decision support achieved promising results. However, design features vary among different decision support systems. To enable effective design, we provide an overview of the features applied by the studies included. Not every type of non-monetary incentive has a positive impact on quality of care in physician group settings. Thus, creating awareness among decision-makers regarding this matter and extending research on this topic can contribute to preventing implementation of ineffective incentives, and consequently, allocate resources towards tools that add value.

The emergence of COVID-19 and its consequences has led to fears, worries, discomfort, depression, and anxiety for human beings worldwide. In this study, we examined the relationships among COVID-19 stress, leisure constraints, and happiness of Korean adults. We employed on-line convenience sampling to recruit participants. The sample consisted of Korean adults. A total of 600 surveys were distributed, we retained 293 responses for analysis. COVID-19 stress subcomponents significantly impacted on individual happiness. Our findings align with research focusing on positive correlates between perceived COVID-19 stress and leisure constraints subcomponents. We also found that as COVID-19 stress decreased, perceived happiness increased. Future research is proposed to explore the mechanism of how leisure constraints influence the engagement of physical activities and strategies of leisure constraints negotiation to gain the benefits of happiness in the pandemic crisis. Managerial implications and future research are discussed from the perspectives of constraint negotiation and happiness.

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, Internet use has become more frequent as the reaction to quarantine and social distancing have continued, which has had a significant impact on mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between Internet use and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. We obtained data from the 2020 China Family Panel Study (CFPS), a nationwide typical longitudinal follow-up social survey that began in 2010 and is implemented every 2 years. We assessed Internet use by whether or not people used a mobile device or a computer to access the Internet. We measured the mental health of individuals using values for the depression variable, which was collected through the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Statistical analysis involved independent sample t-tests and multiple linear regression analysis. Internet use was significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores; the length of Internet use was significantly associated with an increase in depression scores. The relationship between various Internet functions and depression scores differed significantly, with gaming and social functions being significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores; shopping and learning functions were not significantly associated with depression scores. For youth, play functioning was significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores, while shopping functioning was significantly associated with an increase in depression scores; for the middle-aged group, social functioning was significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores; and for the elderly, social and shopping functioning were significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores. Public mental health can be promoted through the use of the Internet during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different groups should make reasonable use of Internet functions but control the length of time spent using them.

Students at higher education institutes are facing the issue of mental health and psychological well-being highlighting the importance of health behavior. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the relationship among social media use, self-regulation, and career development goals of university students on their psychological well-being and academic performance along with the direct effect of mental health on academic performance. Moreover, we also examined the mediating role of psychological well-being. We collected data through questionnaires from 250 students enrolled in universities using random sampling technique. The usable response rate was 70.19%. We examined the data using PLS-SEM through PLS-3.3.9. Psychological well-being was significantly affected by social media use, self-regulation, and career development goals. Also, psychological well-being had a positive significant effect on students' academic performance. These findings also confirm the mediating role of psychological well-being as well. We present the implications and limitations of the study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of narrative therapy in reducing work pressure and improving health behavior among clinical and anesthesia frontline nurses. We used convenience sampling to select clinical and anesthesiology department nurses from hospitals between May 2019 and May 2021. We used a nursing knowledge-attitude-behavior questionnaire to assess the status of nurses and assess the effectiveness of the narrative therapy intervention. We analyzed our data using SPSS and Smart PLS. We found statistically significant differences in scores on the Competence Scale (NCS) and the Nursing Caring Characters Assessment Tool (NCCAT) (p<.05). The average scores of items in each dimension of clinical and anesthesiology department narrative nursing knowledge and behavior were: knowledge score (3.67±0.52), attitude score (5.48±0.62), and behavior score (4.74±0.77). The ADDIE-based narrative nursing training program improved nurses' narrative nursing ability and humanistic care quality, reducing work pressure and promoting health behavior. These findings highlight the importance of narrative therapy in clinical practice for frontline nurses.

Actual use of nicotine pouch products is not well studied. The objectives of this study were to characterize ® nicotine pouch (Test Products (TP)) use behavior, including association with cigarette and smokeless tobacco (ST) product use. Adults who smoke cigarettes (AS) and/or adults who use ST (ASTU) (N=1147) that were not planning to quit and had expressed interest in trying and using TP after a 5-day trial were offered use of TPs (7 flavors at 5 nicotine levels) for 6 weeks. Participants used a median of ~5-6 pouches/day of a variety of flavors and nicotine levels. In the final week of the study, 27% of AS and 71% of ASTU reported no use of cigarettes or ST respectively, while reporting continued use of TPs. Additionally, 39% of AS and 14% of ASTU reduced consumption of cigarettes or ST products respectively by 50%-99%, compared to reported use at screening. We found a statistically significant inverse relationship between TP flavor varieties and number of cigarettes/ST. These data suggest that TPs can be potential substitutes for cigarettes/ST products, and complete switching may offer harm reduction potential for AS and ASTU not interested in quitting.

Due to the severity of cancer, patients may experience feelings of helplessness and despair, resulting in demoralization among lung cancer patients. In this study, we investigated the risk factors of demoralization in middle-aged and older Chinese lung cancer patients via their relationship with patients' demographic data and disease characteristics. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study using a structured questionnaire including assessments of demographic data and disease, the Demoralization Scale Mandarin Version (DS-MV), the Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS), the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), as well as The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ-C30). Overall, 289/300 (96.3%) patients with lung cancer completed questionnaires. The mean score of DS-MV was 49.27 (SD=15.19) (range, 21-81) and the mean score of SSRS was 33.37 (SD=5.43) (range,17-48). Multiple linear regression analysis identified high demoralization was significantly related to age (p<.001), medical payment (p=.003), times of chemotherapy (p=.026), family monthly income (p=.025), avoidance dimension (p<.001), surrender dimension (p<.001), social support (p=.001), symptom score (p<.001), overall health score (p=.009) and function score (p<.001). This study demonstrates the factors influencing demoralization among middle-aged and older lung cancer patients. Demoralization is a prevalent psychiatric problem in Chinese lung cancer patients. Therefore, we recommend strong social support to be protective against demoralization. We suggest that medical staff establish the concept of social support for patients with lung cancer, actively seek effective resources from family, friends, and other social support organizations to help patients establish a social support system that improves patient courage and confidence in their post-cancer life.

In this paper, we examined the impact of abusive leadership (AB) on psychological well-being (PWB) and presenteeism (PR) by considering the moderating effect of mental health (MH) of employees in Saudi small and medium enterprises (SME's). We used non-probability sampling to collect data from employees in the Saudi SME's. We used 152 complete questionnaires for statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. AB significantly and negatively impacted the PWB of employees in the Saudi SME's (p<.05). Furthermore, we found a statistically significant association (p<.05) between AB and PR, where increased AB increased presenteeism. Regarding the moderation effect, findings revealed that MH significantly suppressed the negative association between AB and PWB and significantly dampened the positive relationship between AB and PR. Leadership plays a ctitical role in employees' well-being and presenteeism; therefore, our study has important implications for managers, workers, and policymakers to promote healthy leadership for improved employee well-being and productivity.

Obesity rates continue to rise in underserved adolescents. Obesity is linked to poor mental health outcomes. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine existing literature on life satisfaction and obesity-related emerging health behaviors (sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, sleeping patterns, and screen time) in underserved adolescents. We conducted a review of articles published in English between January 1995 and November 2021 to develop a narrative summary. In general, few studies have been conducted investigating life satisfaction and the emerging behaviors of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, sleeping patterns, and screen time use with adolescents, especially underserved adolescents. In the studies reviewed, we noted links between lower life satisfaction and more than once-a-day sugar consumption, including sugar-sweetened beverages, lower life satisfaction and lower sleep duration, and life satisfaction and screen-time, with both positive and negative relationships shown. Given the limitations in the number of studies, recommendations are provided for future research.

We analyzed the directional effect of perceived control and control strategies on subjective well-being in middle-aged and elderly people with historical data, and to provide data support for the intervention of well-being in the later years of the elderly group, so as to help them age successfully. Using data from the CLHLS between 2005 and 2014, we collected demographic and social data of the same elderly population over the decade. We also gathered information on changes in well-being, perceived control, and the use of control strategies. To analyze the longitudinal relationship between subjective well-being and perceived control, including the impact of control strategies on subjective well-being, we used a multilevel growth model with MPLUS. We found that subjective well-being and perceived control were not affected by time. However, changes in perceived control in older adults could predict their level of subjective well-being. Those with higher initial levels of perceived control experienced greater increases in subjective well-being. Additionally, the use of control strategies had a significant influence on changes in subjective well-being, explaining 70.5% of the variance. Combined use of multiple control strategies is a feasible way to improve subjective well-being in later life.

Our objective was to determine the progress of perioperative nursing informatics relevant data standard research in the context of medical big data. We also determine the moderating impact of big data in healthcare between standard data and perioperative nursing informatics. We used Smart PLS for structual equation modeling and reviewed some recent literature and briefly discussed the progress on perioperative nursing standardized data in five aspects. Our findings demonstrate that the direct impact of standard data and big data in healthcare is positively confirmed on perioperative nursing informatics. The moderating impact of big data in healthcare between standard data and perioperative nursing informatics is also confirmed. Our model is novel in the literature. Big data can be used by the healthcare system to the advanced level for patient record-keeping according to their health behavior and improving the methods of treatment.

Nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NMUPO) is a pressing public health concern and affects sexual minority youth (SMY) at greater rates than heterosexual youth. We investigated whether protective environmental factors-(1) Human Rights Campaign's state equality index (SEI) and (2) supportive school environments for LGBTQ youth, influenced NMUPO among SMY and non-SMY students. We combined data from the 2017-2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2016-2018 School Health Profiles, state-level socio-demographic and SEI data across 24 states (N=156,149). Generalized linear mixed models examined associations between (1) SEI and (2) supportive school environments for LGBTQ youth, with NMUPO, accounting for clustering at the school-and state-level. Before adjustment, we found that youth in states with higher SEI were significantly less likely to engage in NMUPO compared to students in states with lower SEI, a relationship that became non-significant after adjustment. After adjusting for individual-and state-level indicators, SMY in states with supportive school environments for LGBTQ youth were less likely to engage in NMUPO. Supportive school environments for LGBTQ youth may play an important role in the health of SMY. Establishing more inclusive policies and supportive environments within schools may reduce NMUPO among SMY.

In this study, we examined the impact of digital globalization on health behavior among students in Chinese schools, particularly in relation to the fight against COVID-19. Despite China's well-established system and positive health behavior towards the pandemic, students' health behavior is lacking. The study focuses on the role of ideological and political education in addressing this issue. Data were collected from Chinese schools with the help of a survey questionnaire by using area cluster sampling. Data analysis was carried out by employing Smart PLS. We found that digital globalization has a positive effect on health behavior. Digital globalization also has a positive effect on global knowledge about COVID-19 and ideological and political education leading to health behavior. We identified that the influential role of digital globalization can change health behavior. Digital globalization led to global knowledge about the COVID-19 and further caused an influence health behavior among schools that led to improved health behavior of students. The outcomes of the study have valuable importance for the management of schools to decrease the effect of COVID-19 by developing positive health behavior.